What is glioma? Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor. Foreign clinical statistics show that the incidence of primary intracranial tumors is 21/100,000, and glioma accounts for about 60%. Gliomas are often classified into low grade glioma (LGG) and high grade glioma (HGG) according to their malignancy in current literature. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2000 classification, LGG includes grade I-II astrocytomas, hairy cell astrocytomas, pleomorphic yellow astrocytomas, gangliogliomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed oligodendrogliomas, etc. High-grade gliomas, also known as malignant gliomas, include grade III-IV astrocytomas, glioblastomas, and malignant mesenchymal tumors. Glioblastoma, malignant mesenchymal astrocytoma, etc. Gliomas are aggressive in growth and have poor overall outcome, especially high-grade gliomas, which have highly mesenchymal growth characteristics, rapid postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis, and are a serious threat to human health, and are one of the most difficult and refractory tumors in neurosurgery. Glioma is characterized by high incidence and poor treatment outcome, and the most common treatment methods are surgery and radiotherapy. Because of the infiltrative growth of glioma, surgery is often difficult to completely remove. Since glioma is a radiation-resistant tumor, only high-dose irradiation can achieve satisfactory results, and high-dose irradiation will aggravate the radiation damage of normal brain tissue, so it is difficult to improve the survival rate of patients with conventional radiotherapy. Particle implantation brachytherapy retains the strengths of surgery and conventional radiotherapy, and compensates for the deficiencies of both. Particle implantation brachytherapy has the following therapeutic advantages: (1) it can irradiate the residual tumor cells at relatively high doses locally and continuously, so that the tumor cells that cannot be removed by surgery can apoptosis or die, which can kill the tumor more directly and effectively than conventional radiotherapy; (2) it is simpler and less traumatic than conventional surgery, with less damage to normal brain tissues and less side effects such as hair loss and gastrointestinal symptoms due to external irradiation.