Gliomas are the most common intracranial tumors, accounting for about half of all brain tumors. The annual incidence rate is about 1 in 10,000, which means that there are tens to hundreds of thousands of newly diagnosed glioma patients in the country each year. Classification and grading of gliomas Gliomas are not a single disease, but a group of many types of tumors including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ventricular meningiomas, glioblastomas, and other types of tumors, also known as neuroepithelial tumors. Patients with gliomas can experience symptoms such as seizures, headaches, and nausea. According to the growth rate of tumor cells, invasive ability and other pieces, gliomas are divided into low-grade gliomas and high-grade gliomas. Low-grade glioma is relatively benign. Low-grade glioma grows slowly and has a clear boundary with the brain tissue, which is relatively benign. For this kind of tumor, if the tumor can be completely cut by surgery, the treatment effect is very good, and some patients can even be cured. High-grade glioma–high degree of malignancy High-grade glioma is also known as malignant glioma, the tumor is invasive growth, surgery is not easy to cut the whole tumor, and the therapeutic effect is poor. Among the systemic tumors, malignant glioma has the third highest 5-year mortality rate after pancreatic cancer and lung cancer, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. Treatment of glioma 1. Surgery – the first choice No matter whether the grade of glioma is low or high, surgical treatment is the preferred way to remove as much tumor as possible under the premise of protecting brain function. If the tumor grows in the “functional area” related to limb movement or language, the surgery may cause hemiplegia, aphasia, etc., and the tumor needs to be removed appropriately to preserve the function. For malignant glioma, surgery supplemented by radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment plan, which can significantly prolong the survival time compared with surgery alone. Molecular targeted therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and other methods with great therapeutic potential are also being actively researched all over the world, and some new drugs have initially shown good therapeutic effects.