Neurogliomas, referred to as gliomas, also known as glioblastomas, are the most common primary central nervous system tumors, accounting for about half of all primary intracranial tumors, broadly defined as all tumors of neuroepithelial origin, and narrowly defined as tumors originating from all types of glial cells. According to the 1999 classification scheme of the World Health Organization (WHO), these tumors are classified as astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ventricular meningiomas, mixed gliomas, choroid plexus tumors, tumors of neuroepithelial tissue of indeterminate origin, neuronal and neuronal gliomatous mixed tumors, pineal parenchymal tumors, embryonal tumors, and neuroblastoma tumors. Etiology The etiology of this disease is still unclear, and may be related to tumor origin, genetic factors, biochemical environment, ionizing radiation, nitroso compounds, polluted air, poor living habits, infection and other factors. Clinical manifestations 1, cranial hypertension symptoms: headache, nausea, vomiting, etc.; 2, local nerve damage symptoms: limb weakness, numbness; 3, epilepsy; 4, others. Diagnosis Combined with clinical manifestations, the diagnosis depends on neuroimaging. Treatment Surgery is the main treatment for glioma, but due to the infiltrative growth of the tumor, there is no obvious boundary between the tumor and the brain tissue, and it is difficult to perform total resection except for small tumors in the early stage which are located in the appropriate places. Generally, comprehensive treatment is advocated, i.e., postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which can delay recurrence and prolong the survival. We should strive for early diagnosis and timely treatment to improve the therapeutic effect. Over the years, our department has devoted itself to the research of total resection of glioma and protection of functional area, applying advanced magnetoencephalography, intraoperative navigation, nerve fiber bundle tracking technology, electrophysiological detection and intraoperative arousal technology, etc., so as to maximize the resection of tumors while preserving the patients’ functions, and the technical level is advanced in China and leading in the province. The Department of Neurosurgery is the first in China to carry out functional magnetic resonance-assisted neuronavigation surgery to remove lesions in the functional area, with a high rate of total tumor resection and a low incidence of postoperative neurological dysfunction, which is in a leading position in China. This project has won the second prize of Jiangsu Province New Technology. Typical case: Functional glioma resection using multimodal neuronavigation localization, cortical cone beam electrical stimulation and intraoperative wake-up technique.