Polycystic kidney is divided into infant type and adult type, if it is infant type polycystic kidney, it usually develops around two years old and quickly enters into kidney failure, the survival rate is relatively low and usually does not live to adulthood. Most of the adult type of polycystic kidney develops around 20 years old, if it does not affect the kidney function and there is no kidney failure, it can usually survive well. If it reaches the stage of kidney failure, it needs active replacement therapy, mainly hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and if necessary, kidney transplantation, the patient can also survive. Polycystic kidney is a hereditary disease, it is an autosomal dominant disease with family history, the survival time of infant type polycystic kidney is very short, adult type polycystic kidney usually develops after adult, as the age and the development of the disease, there will be cysts of different sizes on the kidney, finally the cysts increase to compress the kidney parenchyma, so that the effective units of the kidney are reduced, and finally the kidney function abnormal until renal failure. Patients with polycystic kidney can help to soothe the onset period of kidney failure if they usually pay attention to rest, avoid fatigue, limit the intake of sodium and protein, and also regularly check the routine of blood, urine and kidney, if it comes to the time of kidney insufficiency, they can only do peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, or do kidney transplantation, which can survive for a long time.”