Bilateral polycystic kidneys have a natural survival of about 10 years after definite diagnosis without any treatment. After entering dialysis treatment, it takes about 5-10 years to die due to complications. Polycystic kidney is an autosomal dominant disorder in which multiple cysts occur in both kidneys and gradually increase in size, resulting in a decrease in functional kidney tissue, damage to the structure and function of the kidneys, hematuria, hypertension and renal insufficiency. On examination, the kidneys are enlarged and there are multiple echogenic cystic structures of different sizes in the renal parenchyma. Clinical manifestations include hypertension, recurrent urinary tract infections as well as cystic infections and bleeding, which eventually lead to renal failure and the development of uremic toxicity. Most of the general cases of bilateral polycystic kidneys have already developed complications at the time of diagnosis, and the natural survival period is about 10 years if regular follow-up treatment is not performed. Or for patients whose renal function damage is not obvious and whose blood pressure can be controlled, the survival period is longer. About 50% of patients with bilateral polycystic kidney will gradually develop and eventually develop renal failure and uremic syndrome, and they will die 5-10 years after taking renal replacement therapy because of various complications of uremic syndrome.