If the disease has progressed to the stage of continuous dialysis in the uremic phase, and the daily urine output is very small, and if the abdominal space is reduced due to the huge kidneys on both sides of the waist, causing abdominal distention and inability to eat well, or if there is uncontrollable malignant hypertension, or even if there is concern that the transplanted kidney cannot be implanted in the lower abdomen in the future, unilateral or bilateral polycystic nephrectomy is recommended as early as possible. In the past, due to the problems of large and long transabdominal nephrectomy and long postoperative muscle damage and wounds, patients and doctors were afraid of perioperative problems and did not dare to actively operate, which could not relieve the pain of patients who could not eat well. At present, due to the application of posterior laparoscopic technology, we have completed many similar surgeries using the technique of small incision and short time, and found that the patient’s postoperative abdominal distension disappeared quickly, which can be said to be a blessing for such patients.