In 1953, Seldinger et al. successfully performed arteriography using percutaneous puncture and insertion of a tube guided by a guidewire, which has been used to this day as the Seldinger technique. The tubes were removed after dialysis. In 1963, Shaldon et al. attempted to leave the femoral artery and femoral vein in place for maintenance hemodialysis (i.e., not removing the tubes after hemodialysis) and to prevent thrombosis by dripping heparin, but this measure had many complications and could not be kept in place for a longer period of time. In 1964, Tomoseck et al. modified the femoral arterial placement by inserting two single-lumen tubes in the ipsilateral femoral vein to establish vascular access, which greatly reduced complications such as bleeding and significantly increased the duration of retention. Due to the high rate of complications such as pulmonary embolism caused by the placement of the tube, Shaldon et al. advocated the use of femoral vein placement only as a temporary vascular access. In 1963 Uldall completed subclavian vein placement using the Seldinger technique, so subclavian vein placement was also known as Uldall placement, but at that time subclavian vein placement was not used for hemodialysis. It was not until 1969 that Erben et al. first used Uldall placement for hemodialysis. Subclavian vein placement is technically difficult and has a relatively high number of complications. In comparison, internal jugular vein placement is simpler and safer and has a high success rate. Currently, the internal jugular vein has become the preferred central venous route for hemodialysis. In the late 1980s, Schwab et al. utilized a silicone dialysis cannula with a polyester sleeve as a permanent vascular access. Although central venous lines with Cuffs last significantly longer than temporary lines, they still only last an average of 18-24 months, making them difficult to use for long periods of time; therefore, we refer to them as semi-permanent vascular access. For patients who are expected to have a longer maturation time for endovascular fistula, this placement can be used as a transition; for those patients who need hemodialysis and cannot establish an endovascular fistula, attempts can only be made to extend the life of this placement as long as possible in order to replace the arteriovenous endovascular fistula. However, central venous dialysis cannulae with Cuff have higher rates of infection, thrombosis, malfunction (inadequate blood flow), deep vein stenosis, and repeat circulation than endovascular fistulas and are not recommended for long-term hemodialysis vascular access.