Osteoporosis (osteoporosis) is a systemic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and destruction of the microstructure of bone, manifested by an increased brittleness of the bone and thus a much higher risk of fracture, which can easily occur even with minor trauma or in the absence of trauma. In recent years, the incidence of osteoporosis is on the rise and is a health concern in China and worldwide. Osteoporosis is a combination of genetic and environmental factors that affect peak bone mass as well as bone loss and eventual progression to osteoporosis. These factors include medications, diet, race, gender, and lifestyle. Clinical manifestations: (1) Pain. The most common symptom of primary osteoporosis is low back pain, which accounts for 70-80% of patients with pain. (2) Shortening of body length and hunchback. It mostly appears after pain. The 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae and the 3rd lumbar vertebrae of the spine are more loaded and prone to compression deformation and compression fracture in case of osteoporosis. (3) Fracture. This is the most common and serious complication of degenerative osteoporosis. In China, the incidence of fracture in the elderly is 6.3%-24.4, especially in elderly women of advanced age (80 years or older). Statistics show that for every 1.0DS decrease in BMD, the incidence of vertebral fractures increases 1.5-2 times. (4) Decreased respiratory function. Compression fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine, backward curvature of the spine, and thoracic deformity can significantly reduce lung capacity and maximum ventilation, and the incidence of lobar emphysema in the anterior region of the upper lobe of the lung can be as high as 40%. Patients with osteoporosis are easily overlooked by most people because of the absence of special clinical manifestations in the early stage and the slow development process. Some patients do not realize the danger of the disease until fracture, and some even die due to fracture complications. Therefore, patients with osteoporosis should not wait until the fracture to realize the danger of the disease, but should be prevented and treated in time when the body signals pain, muscle weakness, shortening of body length and hunchback. Anyone with a family history of osteoporosis, history of osteoporotic fracture, wasting, amenorrhea, menopause, chronic diseases, long-term malnutrition, long-term bed rest, long-term use of drugs that cause bone loss is a high-risk group for osteoporosis and should be alert to the possibility of osteoporosis. The three levels of prevention of osteoporosis: (1) Primary prevention: should start with children and adolescents. Pay attention to reasonable dietary nutrition and consume more foods with high Ca and P content, such as fish, shrimp, shrimp skin, kelp, milk, dairy products, eggs, beans, refined grains, sesame seeds, melon seeds, green leafy vegetables, etc. Adhere to a scientific lifestyle, such as physical exercise, more sunbathing, no smoking, no alcohol, less coffee, strong tea and carbonated beverages, etc. For high-risk groups with genetic predisposition, focus on follow-up and early prevention. (2) Secondary prevention: When people reach middle age, especially women after menopause, bone loss is accelerated. Bone density check should be conducted annually during this period, and prevention and control measures should be taken early for people with rapidly decreasing bone mass. (3) Tertiary prevention: Patients with degenerative osteoporosis should be actively treated with medications that inhibit bone resorption (estrogen, CT, Ca), promote bone formation (active Vit D), oral preparations of bone peptides (bone peptide tablets), and should also strengthen measures to prevent falls, bumps, trips and upsets. For middle-aged and elderly fracture patients, they should be actively operated, implement strong internal fixation, early activity, physical therapy, physiotherapy psychological, nutrition, calcium supplementation, pain relief, promote bone growth, curb bone loss, improve immune function and overall quality and other comprehensive treatment.