Do you know about varicocele? Varicocele is a common disease among young adults, which refers to the dilatation, tortuosity and elongation of the vascular plexus of the spermatic cord (venous plexus) caused by the stagnation of blood flow in the spermatic cord. Depending on the factors of pathogenesis, varicocele is generally divided into primary varicocele and secondary varicocele, where secondary varicocele is caused by compression of the spermatic veins on the way of venous blood return, mostly over 35 years of age, and common compression lesions include: renal tumor, ureteral tumor, retroperitoneal tumor, hydronephrosis, perirenal pus, iliac vein obstruction, etc. As secondary varicocele varicose veins are only a symptom of the primary disease, so the treatment is mostly based on the treatment of the primary disease. The cause of primary varicocele, also known as idiopathic varicocele, is not very clear, but the results of our present study show that it may be related to the following factors: 1. Increased scrotal temperature After varicocele, due to depressed blood flow in the spermatic vein, it can cause an increase in the temperature of the scrotum, which is on average 0.6°C higher than normal, thus affecting sperm production. 2. Nutritional disorders Due to the depressed blood flow in the veins, the blood circulation of the testes and epididymis is affected and the supply of nutrients and oxygen required by them is lacking, thus affecting spermatogenesis. 3, testicular endocrine dysfunction Due to the local temperature rise in the scrotum, the testicular blood supply and oxygen supply is insufficient, which inevitably affects the endocrine function of the interstitial cells in the testicular varicocele, thus interfering with spermatogenesis. 4.Toxic effect Because of the rich side branch circulation between spermatic vein and testicular vein, when varicocele occurs, it causes blood countercurrent, which can carry high concentration of toxic metabolites such as steroids, catecholamines, 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandins in the blood of left adrenal gland and left renal vein, which flow into both testes before detoxification, causing sperm production to be affected, resulting in different degrees of spermatozoa hypospermia, abnormal morphology and motility disorders. The sperm production is affected, resulting in different degrees of spermatozoa, abnormal morphology, motility disorders, etc. 5, the destructive effect of oxygen free radicals Some studies have shown that when varicocele occurs, oxygen free radicals increase in testicular tissue and lipid peroxidation increases, thus affecting the occurrence of spermatozoa and sperm function.