The mechanism of infertility caused by varicocele is as follows: 1. The retention of blood in varicose veins causes the local temperature of the testes to increase and affects spermatogenesis. 2, blood retention affects the blood circulation of the testes, so that the testes lack the necessary nutrition and oxygen supply, so that the occurrence of testicular sperm is affected. 3, the blood reflux of the internal spermatic vein makes the endocrine products of the adrenal glands and kidneys such as steroids and catecholamines enter the testes with the refluxed venous blood, which affects the testicular spermatogenesis. 4, varicocele causes pathological changes in the testis, which can lead to primary testicular hypofunction, interstitial edema of testicular tissue microcirculation disorder, thickening of the basement membrane of the varicocele, resulting in mid- to late-stage spermatogenic process disorder and hypoxic degeneration of the supporting cells. Support cells are the main material basis of the blood-testis barrier. Damage to the blood-testis barrier triggers autoimmune reactions, producing anti-sperm antibodies (AsAb) and causing immune-mediated damage. 5. Electron microscopy results confirm that sperm cells in patients with varicocele have impaired maturation, abnormal structure, dilated, destroyed or shrunken acrosome, vacuoles in the sperm head, and reduced acrosome integrity. Despite the fact that the latest WHO infertility guidelines put varicocele infertility in a very important position, domestic clinical studies have shown that only about 20-40% of varicocele patients will become infertile, and it is difficult to predict which varicocele patients will become infertile, or whether postoperative fertility will actually improve in infertile patients with combined varicocele. In patients with early varicocele, it is also questionable whether spermatic venous reflux is improved after high ligation. In view of the fact that the development of varicocele is a slow process, not all patients will gradually develop to degree III and become infertile, and all of them will require surgery, so we can observe the early cases to avoid excessive medical treatment, and we do not advocate the practice of high ligation as long as varicocele is performed. A large number of clinical studies have shown that Chinese medicine has better efficacy on varicocele infertility, and animal experiments have also confirmed that Chinese medicine can significantly upregulate the expression of the apoptosis gene Bcl-2 protein in the prostate tissue of varicocele infertility rats, downregulate the expression of the pro-apoptosis genes Fas and FasL protein in the prostate tissue, inhibit testicular spermatogenic cell apoptosis; reduce the malondialdehyde and nitric oxide content in the testicular tissue, and increase the testicular It also decreased the testicular malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, increased the testicular superoxide dismutase content, increased the plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin/thromboxane B2 ratio, and repaired the testicular histopathological damage, thus improving the semen quality and fertility of the model rats.