Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common complications of diabetes, and as the incidence of diabetes gradually increases, the number of diabetic nephropathy cases increases accordingly. Treatment of diabetic nephropathy includes prophylaxis and renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal failure. The key to preventive treatment is: treatment of diabetes itself, control of hypertension, protein diet restriction and other treatments. 1. Treatment of diabetes itself: Hyperglycemia plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetic nephropathy, especially in the early stage. Correcting the disorders of glucose metabolism can bring down the early renal hyperperfusion, hyperfiltration and intra-balloon hypertension to normal. Strict glycemic control is mainly diet therapy, hypoglycemic drugs and the rational application of insulin. 2, blood pressure control: hypertension plays a very important role in promoting the progression of diabetic nephropathy, blood pressure control in the early stage can reduce proteinuria and delay the decline of renal function. For the target blood pressure, it is considered ideal to control below 120/75mmHg. 3, protein diet restriction: High protein diet can increase glomerular blood flow, hyperperfusion, hyperfiltration and increased intra-balloon pressure, aggravating renal hemodynamic changes during high glucose. A moderate protein diet can slow down the rate of decline in renal function. Protein intake should be mainly high bioprotein. In the case of glycemic control, appropriate increase in carbohydration, reduce the catabolism of protein. 4.Other treatments such as prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, etc. 5.Renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal failure: including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation.