The incidence of pulmonary herpes and spontaneous pneumothorax has been on the rise in recent years, especially due to the increase in per capita life expectancy, the incidence of pulmonary herpes and spontaneous pneumothorax secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has increased significantly in recent years. 1, etiology: ① congenital pulmonary blister: rare, for local lung parenchyma developmental abnormalities; ② acquired pulmonary blister: clinically common. Prevalent in the lung apices or upper lung fields. It can be secondary to pneumonia, lung abscess, tuberculosis, emphysema, and can be multiple or single. 2.Symptoms: The main symptoms are repeated pneumothorax attacks. In case of concurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, there is sudden chest pain and dyspnea. In cases with severe tension pneumothorax, dyspnea is aggravated accordingly and cyanosis may appear, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. 3. Indications for surgery include: (1) pulmonary herpes causing dyspnea; (2) pulmonary herpes larger than 1/2 of the volume of one side of the chest cavity although the symptoms are mild; (3) pulmonary herpes combined with more than 2 episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax; (4) first episode of pneumothorax but one of the following: (1) persistent pulmonary air leak, i.e., effective closed chest drainage >72 hours lung still does not reopen or still persistent air leak; (2) bilateral (ii) spontaneous pneumothorax with simultaneous or sequential attacks; (iii) patients with special types of work, such as divers, pilots, field workers, etc., as well as patients in areas lacking basic medical rescue conditions; for athletes and university and high school students, the indications for surgery can be relaxed appropriately; (iv) spontaneous hemopneumothorax; (v) spontaneous tension pneumothorax. In recent years, thoracoscopic pneumonectomy or ligation has been adopted, which is less traumatic, faster recovery and more beautiful for patients.