Liquid pneumothorax manifests as spontaneous pneumothorax with intrapleural hemorrhage is due to the cleavage of blood vessels within the pleural adhesion zone. After the lung is completely reopened, the bleeding can mostly stop by itself. If the secondary slow bleeding is more than that, in addition to pumping and draining fluid and appropriate blood transfusion, open chest ligation of the bleeding vessels should be considered. 1.Recurrent pneumothorax About 1/3 of pneumothorax can recur ipsilaterally within 2-3 years. For multiple recurrence of pneumothorax. For those who can tolerate surgery, pleural repair is performed; for those who cannot tolerate dissection, pleural adhesion therapy can be considered. The available adhesion agents are tetracycline powder injection, sterilized refined talc, 50% dextrose, vitamin C, pneumonia vaccine, streptococcal kinase, OK432 (streptococcal preparation), etc. Its mechanism of action is to produce sterile metaplastic pleural inflammation through biological and physicochemical stimulation, which causes adhesion of two layers of pleura and atresia of pleural cavity for the purpose of preventing and treating pneumothorax. Before injecting adhesives into the chest cavity, there should be closed drainage by negative pressure suction to make sure that the lung is completely reopened. To avoid severe chest pain caused by drugs, appropriate lidocaine should be injected first, and the patient should be allowed to rotate the position to make the pleura fully anesthetized, and adhesives should be injected after 15-20 minutes. 2.Pneumothorax Pneumothorax can be complicated by necrotizing pneumonia, lung abscess and caseous pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and various anaerobic bacteria. The condition is often critical, and bronchopleural fistulas are often formed. Pathogenic bacteria can be found in the pus, in addition to the appropriate application of antibiotics (local and systemic), surgical treatment should be considered according to the specific circumstances. 3.Mediastinal emphysema and subcutaneous emphysema After high pressure pneumothorax aspiration or installation of closed drainage, subcutaneous emphysema of the chest wall may appear along the pinhole or incision. The escaping gas also spreads to the abdominal wall and subcutaneous upper extremities. The high pressure gas enters the interstitial lung, follows the vascular sheath, and enters the mediastinum through the pulmonary hilum. The mediastinal gas may then enter the subcutaneous tissue of the neck and subcutaneous thoracic abdomen along the fascia, and the subcutaneous and mediastinal marginal hyaline bands can be seen on the X-ray. Rupture sounds can be heard in the mediastinal region.