If a kidney stone does not pass through urination after various lithotripsy treatments, surgery may be considered if necessary. If the stones do not change after more than 4 weeks of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, hospitalization for surgery is recommended or if the stones do not change in location or size after more than 8 weeks of medication for stone removal, hospitalization for surgery is recommended. Not all kidney stones can pass smoothly through the ureter into the bladder. Sometimes the size of kidney stones is too large to pass through the ureter, so they stay in the kidney for a long time, and the size of stones can be reduced after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, but some stones are so dense that they cannot be broken during lithotripsy, so lithotripsy is ineffective and no stones are discharged. The stones can be broken by various minimally invasive surgical procedures, such as holmium laser lithotripsy with percutaneous nephrolithotomy or holmium laser lithotripsy with ureteroscopy, and then the stones can be removed from the body to achieve a complete cure.