Every year, nearly 50,000 children aged 0-14 die in China due to accidental injuries, and behind each death are hundreds of children who are disabled due to accidental injuries! Accidental injuries to children place a heavy burden on families and society, and accidental disabilities cause serious damage to children’s physical and mental health.
It is our common responsibility to reduce the incidence of accidents among this high-risk group of children!
Most common types of accidental injuries
Trauma (car accidents, falls, bruises, etc.), burns, animal bites, drowning, poisoning, tracheal foreign bodies, and psychiatric injuries. Among them, foreign bodies in the trachea are the most dangerous.
The causes of non-fatal injuries in children at different ages are different
1, infants are mainly falls (falls), burns (burns) or cuts;
2, preschoolers are mainly collision, cutting injuries;
3, preschoolers fall (fall), cycling, skating, sports-related trauma and motor vehicle 4 traffic accidents gradually increased.
Handling of several accidental injuries
1, emergency treatment after burns
Leave the heat source, do not take off the clothes, immediately rinse with clean water to cool down, do not apply something randomly on the wound. Emergency treatment of stab wounds, do not pull out the foreign body stabbed into the human body, promptly sent to the hospital.
2, the emergency treatment of animal bites
Rinse the wound with clean water, squeeze out the contaminated blood, and go to the hospital to inject rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin.
3.Emergency treatment of foreign body in trachea
Pat the back method — let the child lie on the rescuer’s knee, head down, hold his chest, pat his back, so that the child coughs up foreign bodies.
Emetic method — use fingers into the mouth, stimulate the root of the tongue to induce vomiting, for foreign bodies closer to the larynx trachea.
Hemlitt method — The rescuer holds the child’s waist, presses his upper abdomen with both index, middle and ring fingers, squeezes hard to the back and above, relaxes after pressing, repeats and proceeds rhythmically to form an impact airflow to flush out the foreign body. Encourage the child to cough.
If the above methods do not work, the child should be sent to the ENT department of the hospital as soon as possible, and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration should be given for respiratory arrest.
4.Emergency treatment of gas poisoning
Cut off the gas source, open the window for ventilation, carry the patient to a well-ventilated place, keep him in a lateral position, and pay attention to keeping him warm.
5.Emergency treatment of drowning
Clear the airway, observe whether the drowning person is breathing, if the breathing is weak, promptly perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
6.Emergency treatment for fall from height
Quickly remove the child’s body hard objects and various appliances, unbutton the collar, the body flat to the stretcher or hardboard, smoothly and quickly to the hospital, do not pick up the child or lift the side of the body.
7, trauma bleeding routine treatment
Blood slowly seeping from the wound, only need home disinfection simple bandage can be;
If it is a large blood vessel bleeding, need to be sent to the hospital before the emergency hemostasis.
First of all, the wound is higher than the heart plane, then cover the wound with a clean cloth (preferably sterile dressing), apply appropriate pressure by hand to help stop bleeding, can add a tourniquet ligature to stop bleeding (time should not be too long, every ten minutes loose) and send to the hospital as soon as possible.