There are two classes of chronic hepatitis B antivirals: interferon and nucleoside (acid) analogs. The advantage of interferon, especially long-acting interferon, is that the duration of treatment is limited, and the chances of achieving e-antigen conversion, i.e., conversion from triple to triple triple, or even surface antigen clearance, are higher, so the chances of stopping the drug are greatly increased. Many patients decided to accept this kind of treatment after understanding this feature of interferon, hoping that they could be the “lucky ones”. However, after a period of treatment, some patients do not achieve the expected results, they begin to be discouraged, and even give up interferon treatment, which is a pity. Interferon is a biological agent, an immunomodulator, and different individuals respond differently to interferon. However, current clinical studies have confirmed that long-acting interferon is the best choice as the first-line treatment option to help slow hepatitis B patients achieve the conversion of major triple positive to minor triple positive. With long-acting interferon if the efficacy is ideal is of course expected, if the efficacy is not satisfactory for the time being, the treatment plan should be actively adjusted to maximize the efficacy of the drug and strive for better efficacy. In this case, the following should be done: first, communicate with the doctor to review the previous use of the drug, to see if there is a shortage of dosage, the number of times the drug is used, and if there is an adverse reaction such as fever that affects the adherence to the medication, you should ask the doctor for help in solving the problem in a timely manner; secondly, follow up on time as instructed by the doctor, and record in detail the response to the medication, although whether the aminotransferase and the viral level decreases and turns negative is an important antiviral indicator, however, it is not necessary to do so for the treatment of interferon. Although the decrease and conversion of aminotransferases and viral levels are important antiviral indicators, what is more important for long-acting interferon therapy is the change of e-antigen and surface antigen. Studies have confirmed that these two indicators are the best predictors of the ultimate efficacy of long-acting interferon, with surface antigen now available for quantitative testing in many places, and based on the results of quantitative testing, doctors can make more accurate judgments. For example, a large-scale study, the results show that polyethylene glycol interferon alpha-2a treatment for 24 weeks, if the surface antigen is reduced to less than 1,500 IU / ml, the patient at the end of 48 weeks of treatment at the end of the 24-week e-antigen persistent conversion rate of 54%, while the other patients, this ratio is relatively low. Therefore, clinical experts recommend different treatment strategies for patients with different responses after 24 weeks of long-acting interferon therapy. For better responders, i.e., those with surface antigen levels below 1,500 IU/ml, treatment should only be continued to 48 weeks, while other patients should be considered for combination therapy with nucleoside (acid) therapy or be prepared to extend the course of the long-acting interferon therapy. The results of the study show that combination or extended treatment can effectively improve the efficacy of long-acting interferon, which is more reasonable than abandoning long-acting interferon. Finally, it is important to recognize the point of discontinuation. Studies have found that the e-antigen and surface antigen status at the time of discontinuation of long-acting interferon can predict whether the efficacy of discontinuation is stable or not, and one study suggests that patients whose e-antigen has been converted at the time of discontinuation of interferon and whose surface antigen is less than 10 IU/ml are very stable after discontinuation of interferon. If there is still a large gap between the efficacy of interferon and this after completing the regular interferon regimen, you can consider prolonging the treatment or combining or continuing nucleoside (acid) analog therapy according to your specific condition. In short, success is not overnight, long-acting interferon treatment needs skills, maximize the efficacy of treatment needs good treatment strategy, encounter problems do not give up, communicate with the doctor, prudent analysis, timely adjustment of the treatment plan is the best strategy.