The traditional methods for treating spontaneous pneumothorax include thoracentesis and closed chest drainage, but these two methods only promote the discharge of gas from the chest cavity and relieve the symptoms, without addressing the cause of pneumothorax – large pulmonary alveoli, so they do not reduce the chance of pneumothorax recurrence. It has been reported that there is 30% possibility of second time after the first pneumothorax and more than 50% possibility of third time after the second. This is a reminder of the need for early surgery. Thoracoscopic suturing or resection of large pulmonary alveoli is the preferred method for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. The advantages of thoracoscopic treatment are: 1, small trauma, light pain, a total of 3 incisions, located in the axilla, each incision is only 2 centimeters, small scar; 2, fast recovery after surgery, generally able to move on the ground on the second day after surgery, 3-4 days after surgery can be removed; 3, precise efficacy, the possibility of recurrence of pneumothorax after surgery is small. Which patients with spontaneous pneumothorax are suitable for thoracoscopic treatment? 1.Recurrent attacks for more than 2 times, or persistent air leakage even after closed chest drainage; 2.Young patients, especially students, should also be operated for the first attack; 3.Patients with special occupations such as remote areas, working at height, fishermen, drivers, etc., should also be operated for the first attack because of the greater danger once the attack occurs; 4.Patients with large alveoli on both sides should also be operated once the pneumothorax occurs bilaterally at the same time, which may be life-threatening 5, huge pulmonary alveoli, due to compression of the surrounding normal lung tissue, even if the pneumothorax does not occur, it will greatly affect the lung function, should also be operated early.