With the rapid development of our country’s economy, the structure of our daily diet has also changed a lot. The excessive intake of fatty foods, coupled with the lack of sufficient exercise in general, has caused an increase in blood lipids, blood pressure and blood sugar in people’s bodies. The current incidence of gallbladder stones and bile duct stones is increasing year by year and is closely related to this situation. We have previously studied the common causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment principles of gallbladder stones and bile duct stones. So what exactly is cholelithiasis? The clinical term gallstone disease, also known as biliary stones, often refers to gallbladder stones and intra- and extra-hepatic bile duct stones collectively. Clinically, it may present with signs and symptoms such as right upper abdominal and subxiphoid pain, right lumbar back drawing pain, nausea, vomiting, high fever, chills, yellowish staining of the skin and sclera. Of course, small intrahepatic bile duct stones can have no clinical signs and symptoms. However, all stones with multiple occurrences and blockage of bile drainage are at risk of liver abscess. Gallstone disease includes all the clinical signs and symptoms of gallbladder stones and intra- and extrahepatic stones, and the treatment still emphasizes the removal of stones, biliary obstruction and bile drainage. In the case of biliary liver abscess and biliary pancreatitis, the treatment of stones is based on the prevention and treatment of infectious shock, sepsis and serious complications.