Occupational lesions such as chest tumors and masses in children are mainly concentrated in the mediastinal area. Once these diseases are diagnosed, they require surgical resection. Due to the restriction of bony thorax, traditional open-chest surgery is difficult to expose the surgical field, with long and traumatic wounds, slow recovery and more complications for children after surgery. Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery for resection of mediastinal tumors only requires 3 small holes in the chest wall, with a wide range of intraoperative exploration, clear vision, precise operation, and little interference with other organs in the chest cavity, and no need to separate the ribs during surgery, so postoperative pain is mild, postoperative recovery is fast, and complications are few. However, thoracoscopic surgery for children requires high minimally invasive techniques from the surgeon, and only a few institutions in China can complete this surgery. Due to the small trauma of thoracoscopic surgery and the clear vision and accurate positioning of the operation under the lumpectomy, the interference with the chest cavity is minimal, and the child can be reduced to the lowest level of surgical shock. The majority of children recover well after surgery, with a low rate of postoperative complications such as pneumonia, and can be discharged from the hospital in 4-6 days. Through the review and follow-up of the operated patients, all of them have achieved good treatment results and the surgical scar gradually faded after six months postoperatively, achieving the cosmetic effect of minimally invasive surgery.