Many scoliosis patients and their families believe that scoliosis surgery is more risky and may cause paralysis. These are also the main concerns, which are shared by all patients and their families and doctors. Any surgery is traumatic to the organism and therefore carries risks. However, for diseases that can only be treated by surgery, the surgery is a certain amount of trauma in exchange for the treatment of the disease, and the question of whether the advantages or disadvantages are greater is considered. If scoliosis is not corrected, the child’s cardiopulmonary function will be affected, the spinal cord function will be affected, and disability or even life expectancy may result in the future, so it is important to do timely treatment anyway. Scoliosis surgery involves the spinal cord and nerves, and is a risky surgery, the risk of orthopedic surgery is the biggest, the risk is greater than the general surgery, it is easy to have some complications during or after the surgery, such as spinal cord damage caused by paralysis of the lower limbs and the loss of bowel and urinary functions, large surgery, long operation time, large amount of blood loss in the operation and after the operation, the risk of anesthesia, and whether the operation can successfully recover from the blow, and so on. These factors increase the risk of surgery. However, modern scoliosis treatment concepts are advanced and scientific, and surgical techniques are standardized, mature and reliable. Professional scoliosis surgeons are equipped with exquisite surgical skills and professional knowledge, and are able to accurately and finely assess the patient’s condition before the surgery, and select and formulate appropriate surgical plans, and during the surgery there are awakening experiments and evoked potentials to monitor the spinal cord nerves, which greatly reduces the risks of the surgery. Therefore, there is no need to worry too much about the risk of surgery. It is not advisable to delay surgical treatment because of excessive concern about surgical risk. In conclusion, scoliosis surgery should be an effective and safe procedure for experienced and specialized physicians.