China is a country with a high incidence of liver cancer, with more than 50% of new and dead liver cancer patients worldwide occurring in China. Liver cancer starts insidiously, and more than 60% of liver cancer patients are already in the middle and late stages when they are first diagnosed, thus losing the chance of radical treatment, and the overall 5-year survival rate is only about 7%. Early detection of small hepatocellular carcinoma is the key General hepatocellular carcinoma develops rapidly, which is difficult to treat, with poor efficacy and high death rate. However, patients with small liver cancer often have no clinical symptoms or the symptoms are not obvious, and some even do not feel anything for a long time after the disease. Therefore, if small liver cancer can be detected and treated early, it can save a life. High-risk groups should be more alert. People who are at risk of liver cancer are those who are over 40 years old and have a history of viral hepatitis such as hepatitis B virus antigen marker; those who have a history of alcohol abuse for more than 5 to 8 years and have clinical manifestations of chronic liver disease and those who have been diagnosed with cirrhosis. Regular physical examination and timely screening. People with high risk of liver cancer should undergo relevant medical checkups every six months. Ultrasound is an important diagnostic imaging tool to detect small liver cancer, and ultrasound can compensate for the error of fetoprotein examination. Especially for patients with elevated fetoprotein >400 ng/mL, monthly rechecking of fetoprotein and ultrasound should be performed until fetoprotein is reduced to normal or diagnosed, so that small hepatocellular carcinoma can be detected as early as possible. Treatment of small liver cancer should be different according to each patient At present, there are various treatment methods for small liver cancer, including partial hepatectomy, liver transplantation, interventional therapy, radiotherapy and Chinese medicine, etc. Clinically, appropriate treatment methods are usually adopted according to patients’ specific conditions. Partial hepatectomy: For most small liver cancer patients, surgical resection of small liver cancer is the main means to achieve cure. The prognosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma resection is related to the size at the time of resection; the 5-year survival rate after resection of 2 cm small hepatocellular carcinoma is 81.5%, while for 4.1-5.0 cm hepatocellular carcinoma, the 5-year survival rate drops to 59.5%. Radiotherapy: For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who have lost the chance of surgery, hepatic artery catheter embolization plus chemotherapy is a better choice. Embolization of 2-3cm diameter hepatocellular carcinoma has significantly better effect than larger hepatocellular carcinoma, and embolization necrosis is more obvious, but complete tumor necrosis is only a minority, and most patients have significantly improved prognosis. Interventional therapy: local injection in tumor has little effect on systemic and liver function, and most patients can tolerate it, which has shown certain superiority. The indications for intra-tumor injection of anhydrous alcohol and radiofrequency therapy under B-ultrasound guidance are generally considered to be: (i) less than 3 liver tumors and less than 3 cm in diameter; (ii) no serious liver dysfunction, such as ascites and coagulation dysfunction. Intra-tumor injection is effective in smaller diameter cases, while larger tumors are less effective. Chinese medicine treatment: Small hepatocellular carcinoma is usually combined with liver cirrhosis, and the implementation of surgery will cause damage to liver function and serious failure of liver function. For those who cannot bear open-heart surgery, such as the old and frail, Chinese medicine is generally used for evidence-based treatment, and good Chinese medicine can also prolong survival, reduce pain and improve life quality. Chinese herbal medicine is also used in the whole process of other treatments, such as combining with Chinese herbal medicine for small liver cancer after small liver cancer surgery to fight cancer cells and prevent recurrence and metastasis while improving the patient’s body function, and using it to protect the liver during chemotherapy, etc.