OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of commonly used procedures for the treatment of varicocele. METHODS:A computerized search of the literature related to surgical treatment of varicocele published in SCI journals in Medline from 1980 to 2011 was performed, and those meeting the inclusion criteria were selected by two extractors independently according to the developed search strategy, and the natural conception rate, recurrence rate, and testicular sheath incidence after varicocele surgery were analyzed using RevMan 4.2 statistical software. A combined data meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 4.2 statistical software to examine the rates of natural pregnancy, recurrence, and testicular sheath effusion after varicocele. The rates of spontaneous pregnancy, recurrence, and testicular sphingomyelia after various procedures were 37.7%, 15.o%, and 8.2% for retroperitoneal high ligation of the internal spermatic vein, 30.1%, 4.3%, and 2.8% for laparoscopic high ligation of the internal spermatic vein, and 36.0%, 2.6%, and 7.8% for inguinal canal spermatic vein ligation, respectively. , 2.6%, 7.3%; microscopic inguinal canal spermatic vein ligation 41.o%, 1.1%, 0.1%; microscopic external subcircular spermatic vein ligation 42.8%, 0.8%, 0.6%. Microscopic subcircular spermatic vein ligation and microscopic inguinal canal spermatic vein ligation were significantly better than other procedures in terms of postoperative natural pregnancy rate, recurrence rate and incidence of testicular sphingomyelia, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P<0,05). The recurrence rate after microscopic subcircular spermatic vein ligation was lower than that of microscopic inguinal canal spermatic vein ligation, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). < p=""> Conclusion: Microscopic subcircular spermatic vein ligation can be used as the “gold standard” for the treatment of varicocele.