1. Requirements for the duration of abstinence before semen specimen collection The length of abstinence can affect the parameters of semen analysis. Therefore, the subject should be fully informed that he/she should abstain from sex for at least 48 hours but not more than 7 days before semen specimen collection. If a seminal plasma biochemistry test is required, 4-7 days of abstinence is recommended. It should also be noted that seminal emission is generally considered to be incomplete seminal discharge and cannot be used as a basis for calculating the number of days of abstinence. 2. Semen specimen collection container If semen is collected at home and sent for examination, the collection container should be a clean and dry wide-mouthed non-spermicidal container with appropriate depth, such as a glass or plastic cup. 3, semen specimen collection methods (1) masturbation method: the recommended method of semen collection. Wash your hands and penis before masturbation, and shoot all the semen into the container through the method of masturbation. The sperm extraction process should not use, lubricant or saliva, and the semen specimen should not be contaminated by urine, water, soap, etc. (2) Condom collection method: In special cases, such as when masturbation is not successful in obtaining a specimen, the specimen can be collected by ejaculating semen into a condom during sexual intercourse. The condom used must be a special material condom designed for semen collection. (3) Aseptic semen collection: Semen specimens used for microbiological analysis and assisted reproduction techniques must be sterile. Urinate and wash your hands and penis before collection. It is better to use a non-irritating disinfectant solution to properly disinfect your hands and penis if available. Those with long foreskin should especially flip the foreskin for cleaning, and those with adherent foreskin or prepuce must first solve the foreskin problem before masturbating for sperm collection. All specimens will be ejected into a sterile airtight container for preservation during sperm collection. 4. Transportation of semen specimens Semen specimens should be sent for examination immediately after collection. Semen specimens collected in locations other than the sperm collection room should be sent to the testing laboratory within 30 minutes, preferably not more than one hour. The specimen temperature should be maintained at 20 to 37°C during transport. If in a cold climate, the container in which the specimen is stored should be transported in a close-fitting garment bag. 5. Record of semen specimen condition When the semen specimen is sent to the testing laboratory, the laboratory staff should confirm the basic information such as the abstinence time, the time of sperm retrieval, whether the specimen is collected intact, and the method of sperm retrieval. If part of the ejaculated semen is missing, the specimen cannot reflect the real situation of the patient’s semen.