Bone metastases are common and occur in many advanced stages of cancer. Bone metastatic lesions are histologically and biologically consistent with the primary lesion. Bone metastases most often occur in the spine, pelvis and proximal femur and humerus. The earliest symptom is pain, which can occur days or weeks before evidence of x-ray destruction. The pain can be deep, dull, intermittent and unrelated to activity. Pain usually wakes up at night, and nocturnal pain is a feature. In later stages, the pain can be severe and persistent. Bone metastatic cancer requires treatment and can be treated. Many cancers still have a long survival period after bone metastasis, and patients should undergo aggressive treatment. How to improve patients’ quality of life and prolong survival is the focus of the attending physician. To relieve the symptoms and complications caused by bone metastases, improve the quality of life, and control the progression of tumor disease, it is often necessary to receive a combination of treatment methods. The main goals of comprehensive treatment for bone metastases are: 1) to improve quality of life, relieve pain and restore function; 2) to prevent or delay the occurrence of bone-related events, such as pathological fractures and dislocations; 3) to slow down tumor progression and prolong life. Bone metastatic cancer has been treated as a systemic disease, and the treatment options available include: 1. analgesic treatment with painkillers; 2. treatment with bisphosphonates; 3. radiotherapy; 4. surgery; 5. symptomatic support and rehabilitation; 6. anti-tumor therapy such as chemotherapy, endocrine and molecular targeted therapy. The prognosis of patients with bone metastases is an important factor to be considered in choosing the treatment method, and for patients with short life expectancy, more complicated surgical procedures should be avoided. Some reports suggest that non-surgical treatment should be considered for the following factors: 1) highly malignant and aggressive primary tumor; 2) expected short tumor-free period after primary tumor treatment; 3) no improvement in osteolytic destruction of bone metastases after systemic treatment; 4) systemic multiple bone destruction; 5) multi-organ metastases (especially liver); 6) poor general condition and contraindication to surgery. The following factors are relative indications for surgical treatment: 1, moderate malignant primary tumor (especially prostate cancer); 2, expected to have a long tumor-free period after primary tumor treatment (kidney cancer, breast cancer, thyroid cancer); 3, after systemic treatment, the osteolytic lesions tend to be limited and the bone density increases; 4, isolated bone metastases; 5, good general condition of the body, no contraindication to surgery. Some literature suggests that the prognosis of patients with metastatic bone cancer is related to the primary tumor that has been defined. The prognosis of primary tumor of lung is very poor, and the survival time after diagnosis rarely exceeds 12 months, similarly, the average survival time of patients with unknown primary tumor is 11 months. However, patients whose primary malignant tumor is kidney cancer or thyroid cancer can have a long survival, especially for patients who present with isolated bone metastases, which should be treated as the primary malignant tumor with extensive resection, and for these patients, skeletal reconstruction should be considered for a longer duration. In conclusion, the survival time of patients with bone metastases is closely related to the tumor type and TNM stage. The treating physicians should analyze the advantages and disadvantages according to the specific conditions of the patients, consider the whole picture, give the patients reasonable treatment, and prevent the occurrence of overtreatment.