Many tumor patients and their family members have a feeling that after the surgery, the tumor metastasizes faster instead. After the death of some patients, their families will think that it is better not to have surgery, but to have surgery, the patients are injured and can’t take it anymore, so they will die faster. ”One knife cannot cure all tumors Surgery is one of the oldest, most effective and clinically most common methods to treat malignant tumors, and its therapeutic effect has been clinically proven. However, with the advancement of oncology research, more and more experts have realized that most tumors are difficult to be completely cured by scalpel alone. Some tumors may recur or metastasize several years after surgery despite radical surgery at an early stage, which largely depends on the biological characteristics of the tumor itself and the immune function of the patient’s organism. Some patients with ovarian cysts or lipomas of several dozen pounds grow and recover completely soon after surgical removal. However, a lung cancer less than the size of a duck’s egg can often kill a person. The reason for these is that some tumors have biological characteristics such as strong aggressiveness and metastasis. Clinical statistics show that more than 80% of tumor patients die from invasion and metastasis. Surgery alone cannot cure all tumors. In recent years, with the rapid development of tumor treatment technology and equipment, and the continuous improvement and perfection of various surgical treatment techniques, modern tumor surgery based on anatomy, biology, immunology and social psychology has replaced traditional tumor surgery based on anatomy, and the era of surgery as a single treatment method for tumor has passed. Whether to operate or not, let the doctor decide The advantage of surgery to remove tumor is that it is not limited by biological characteristics. Most tumors that have not yet spread can be surgically removed. However, not all tumors need to be removed surgically. For example, recent studies have proven that surgical treatment of anal canal cancer, which was often surgically removed in the past, has little effect on the efficacy and chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be used, and surgical relief is necessary only when intestinal obstruction occurs. Gastric lymphoma related to H. pylori is also completely treatable by internal medicine. If metastatic tumors are present, further surgery is usually not necessary. The decision to operate or not should be made by the doctor. Whether or not a patient’s condition is suitable for surgery and when to perform surgery depend on the experience of the doctor, and the doctor’s level of knowledge has a great influence on this. Differences in the surgeon’s level of perception can affect the timing of surgery. In addition, the difference in the surgeon’s skill level can also cause a difference in the chance of post-surgical complications. Nowadays, doctors who have received formal training are trustworthy. Surgeons should not only master the diagnosis and treatment of tumors, but also understand the biological behavior and characteristics of tumors and the possible dissemination pathways of various tumors before surgery. Some tumors may already have metastases before surgery, so surgeons should master various methods such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy in addition to good surgical skills to provide reasonable and comprehensive treatment to patients so as to improve the efficacy. Surgery can prolong the survival of patients For some family members who think that having surgery hurts and dies faster, it is clinically proven that surgery can improve the survival of tumor patients. For example, lung cancer patients with distant metastases can survive only 2 months on average without treatment, and even patients with no metastases detected can only live 4 months on average. With treatment, the average survival time can be increased by a factor of 1, with approximately 13-15% of lung cancer patients surviving beyond 5 years. The average survival of patients with untreated esophageal cancer is only 4 months, and the latest combination of treatments can result in an average survival of 35 months. It is usually considered that stage I tumors are necessary to be treated with active surgery, and at this time, surgery, with good results, has a long survival period. It is reported that the 5-year survival rate of stage I esophageal cancer can reach more than 90%. Stage II tumor should also be actively treated by surgery, stage III malignant tumor should be actively treated by surgery, and stage IV is difficult to be cured by surgery because of distant metastasis. At present, the 5-year survival rate of early malignant tumors can reach more than 80% after surgery, but most of the patients who seek medical treatment after symptoms appear are stage III and IV patients, which have lost the best time for surgery. Since surgical treatment of malignant tumor is only local treatment, it is difficult to achieve the treatment purpose by expanding the scope of surgery when the lymph nodes are widely metastasized. The surgery should focus on protecting and improving the immune function of the body. When it comes to whether surgery will make tumor spread, Prof. Gu pointed out that in the past, there was the view that squeezing tumor during surgery will make it spread, but with the development of evidence-based medicine, there is no evidence to prove this view. The best method is surgery-based comprehensive treatment. Some tumors have improved greatly after comprehensive treatment, such as osteosarcoma and limb soft tissue sarcoma, where the 5-year survival rate is only 10%-20% after surgery alone, but the 5-year survival rate can be more than 75% after applying comprehensive treatment. For more advanced stage III breast cancer, the 5-year survival rate is 10%-20% with surgery alone, but can reach 30%-50% with comprehensive treatment. If radical resection is estimated to be difficult before surgery, blind exploratory surgery can only bring extremely detrimental effects to the patient and even make the implementation of other comprehensive treatments difficult. The development of a comprehensive treatment plan must be decided according to the nature, pathological type, malignancy, dissemination and biological characteristics of the tumor, and the position of surgical treatment in the comprehensive treatment must be correctly estimated. The first surgery is the key to improve the efficacy, and the correct and complete first treatment often gives the patient a chance to obtain a radical cure. Conversely, if the first surgery is not complete, the chances of recurrence increase and the chances of eradication are greatly reduced.