The severity of back pain due to kidney stones needs to be determined by the patient’s own symptoms. If the back pain is unbearable, it is more serious and indicates that the stone has caused complete obstruction of the urinary tract. The urine produced by the kidneys cannot be discharged through the ureter and accumulates in the kidneys, causing pelvic hypertension, which can lead to severe pain. If not treated at this time, the pain is severe and unbearable for the patient, and later fluid accumulation, pus accumulation or infectious shock, sepsis and other manifestations may occur. In this case, ureteral stent tube drainage, kidney puncture and drainage or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy should be given to the hospital immediately. If the kidney stone does not cause complete obstruction and causes mild back pain, at this time, we can only say that the pain is not serious, but the condition is also a serious one. If left untreated, the pain may worsen or cause infection at any time. If not treated in time it may also cause fluid in the kidney, which will affect the kidney function over time. Therefore, when suffering from kidney stones after the emergence of back pain are required to go to the hospital for examination, according to ultrasound, CT or blood test further evaluation, to give a reasonable treatment plan as soon as possible to discharge the stones, to avoid certain damage to kidney function.