There are many causes of ocular trauma and different treatments, and some subconscious actions that people take after an eye injury are often wrong and can aggravate the condition. The following is a description of the emergency treatment according to the cause of injury from both positive and negative aspects. Fist, stone and ball blows, falls, and traffic accidents are common causes of eye contusions. The periorbital tissues are richly vascularized, and the face is prone to subcutaneous hemorrhage and bruised lumps due to blunt blows. In addition, the transmission of blunt force in the eye and spherical wall can also cause multiple indirect injuries, resulting in intraocular hemorrhage, orbital fracture, corneal and scleral rupture, retinal detachment, etc. Common mistake: Apply a hot compress immediately. In the case of general eyelid bruising or bleeding, it is important not to press or apply a hot compress after the injury to avoid aggravating the subcutaneous hematoma. The correct approach: cold compresses should be applied 3 to 4 times a day after the eye contusion; hot compresses should be applied 3 to 4 times a day for 15 minutes after the bleeding has stopped for 48 hours. If there is an emphysema in the corner of the bleeding eye, do not blow your nose. If you find bleeding in the affected eye, or if the pain is not relieved and vision is reduced after taking the above measures, you should promptly go to the hospital for a comprehensive examination. Penetrating injuries are mostly caused by children setting off firecrackers, as well as direct puncture injuries from knives, slingshots, glass, etc. It can cause intraocular tissue damage or even detachment. In particular, some foreign bodies cause corneal penetrating injuries, bringing a large number of bacteria into the eye, which can lead to endophthalmitis, total uveitis and even intracranial infection, which can be life-threatening. These types of injuries should be taken to the hospital immediately. Since penetrating injuries often involve the release of eye contents, it is easy to make some first aid mistakes at this time. Common mistake: returning the contents to the eye socket or flushing with water. Both of these methods are not feasible and will only aggravate the injury or cause infection. Correct practice: apply a suitably sized lid, disinfected by boiling water, etc., to cover the dislodged injured eye and bandage it, and quickly send it to the hospital emergency room. At the same time, the injured person should try to avoid bumps and low head movements to prevent further prolapse of eye contents. Foreign body injuries to the eye are also common. After the foreign body into the eye, the injured eye has a foreign body feeling, pain, photophobia, lacrimation, vision loss, conjunctival congestion, etc. Severe cases may have corneal perforation. Common mistake: rubbing with hands. This will aggravate the injury. Correct practice: use a sterile cotton swab dipped in saline to gently apply the foreign body, and then point antibiotic eye drops. If the foreign body is deeper and cannot be removed, an ophthalmologist should be consulted for treatment. Chemical injuries are caused by the contact of solutions or gases of chemicals with the eye. They can be divided into two categories: acidic and alkaline injuries. Alkaline injuries are often caused by sodium hydroxide, lime, ammonia, etc. Because alkali dissolves fats and proteins, the chemicals quickly soak into the deeper layers of the eye, with more serious consequences than acid burns. Common mistakes: cover both eyes, rubbing with hands. Correct practice: regardless of acid and alkali burns should be scrambled to rinse the eyes on the spot, repeatedly with plenty of water or other water sources. If possible, use 3% baking soda for acid burns and 3% boric acid for alkaline burns. Flushing should be done by turning the eyelids and rotating the eyeballs for at least 30 minutes. You can also soak the casualty’s head into a basin and repeatedly open and close the eyes to wash out the foreign body. After rinsing, send to the medical unit promptly. These are a few of the common mistakes in dealing with eye trauma and the correct methods. In general, we should first strengthen the concept of eye protection, and at the same time, learn the basic knowledge of eye protection and first aid. In case of eye trauma, you should be calm and apply the first aid knowledge you have learned to help yourself and go to a qualified eye hospital for a comprehensive examination and formal treatment in time to reduce complications such as infection and blindness.