China is not only a big country of hepatitis B, but also a big country of liver cancer. Patients with chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis B and C are the high-risk group for liver cancer, and with the improvement of living conditions, fatty liver caused by alcohol consumption or obesity has become the first causative factor of liver cancer in Europe and America. To reduce the incidence of liver cancer, active treatment of the primary liver disease, i.e. etiological treatment, is a key component, while many physicians and patients often overlook the important role of lifestyle improvement in preventing the occurrence of liver cancer. Recently, scholars from Switzerland have conducted a comprehensive and systematic review and discussion on hepatocellular carcinoma and lifestyle, and the main points are excerpted (underlined) here below, with personal additions, in order to get the attention of specialists and related patients. 1. Obesity (1.5-4.5 times), diabetes (2-3 times) and non-alcoholic fatty liver can significantly increase the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, and this does not depend on whether cirrhosis occurs or not. This finding suggests the need for strict weight control, blood glucose control and lipid control, especially in patients with underlying liver disease. Here again, the powerful effect of the “Mediterranean diet”, which is the healthiest diet recipe in the world, is emphasized. In short, low salt, low oil, low fat, rich fruits and vegetables, moderate amount of milk, yogurt, white meat (mainly fish, and a large number of studies suggest that fish, especially deep-sea fish, can reduce the incidence of liver cancer, while red meat, such as pork, beef is the opposite), eggs, less frying, deep processing. 2. Active physical exercise can significantly reduce the incidence of liver cancer. The authors in the article spend a lot of space describing this. Physical exercise of appropriate intensity can not only prevent many cancers including liver cancer, but even if cancer occurs, appropriate exercise also plays a better role in adjuvant therapy. These are supported by a large number of epidemiological data statistics and mechanism studies. The focus is on moderation and regularity. 3. Smoking can significantly increase the incidence of liver cancer. In Europe, nearly half of liver cancer occurrence is attributed to smoking, even more than local hepatitis B and C. Other recent studies have tentatively suggested that environmental pollution indices such as PM2.5 are not only associated with respiratory diseases, but also have a possible correlation with liver fibrosis and even liver cancer. 4, coffee drinking and liver cancer incidence is negatively correlated. Foreigners like to drink coffee, and many studies suggest that adequate amount of coffee can reduce the incidence of liver cancer, and there are detailed studies on the mechanism. Chinese people like to drink tea, and some studies suggest that drinking green tea can also reduce the incidence of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and more prevalence data and mechanism confirmation are needed. It is worth noting that there are no studies suggesting that alcohol consumption is a direct carcinogenic factor for liver cancer, but the resulting steatohepatitis and cirrhosis do lead to an increased incidence of liver cancer. In patients with hepatitis B or C, there is a linear correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, other literature suggests that there is no significant correlation between alcohol consumption alone and the incidence of liver cancer in the general healthy population, but if alcohol consumption is combined with smoking, the incidence of many cancers, including liver cancer, is significantly increased, so that the so-called smoking and alcohol do not separate is definitely a harmful excuse.