Cataracts are the most prevalent clinically significant blinding eye disease. Of the various types of cataracts, the most prevalent is senile cataract, which can be subdivided into three types: cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular. The symptoms common to all types of cataracts are painlessness, progressiveness, blurred vision and vision loss. The clinical symptoms may vary between cataract types. In cortical cataracts, the clouding of the lens starts from the periphery and the pupil area remains clear, so at the beginning of the disease, the patient has no symptoms of vision loss. As the lens gradually becomes more cloudy and thickens from the periphery to the center, the cataract enters the swelling phase. During this period, the patient’s vision will also gradually decrease. If left untreated, it may also lead to secondary glaucoma. When the lens is completely clouded, it enters the mature stage. At this point, the patient loses all vision and can only see light perception. If the cataract is not treated in a timely manner and enters the final overmaturity stage, the patient may develop complications such as iris tremor, lens dislocation and iritis. Surgery during the overmaturity stage can greatly increase the risk of surgery. With nuclear cataracts, the symptoms of blurred vision and vision loss mainly affect distant vision. This means that seeing distant objects is much less clear, while seeing near, such as reading and writing, is not affected until very late in life. Some elderly people show that their presbyopia has decreased or their presbyopia has disappeared, but it is actually because they have nuclear cataract. At this time, they should actively undergo surgery to replace the IOL. Posterior subcapsular cataract, unlike the symptoms of the first two types of cataracts, the location of the clouding in posterior subcapsular cataract occurs at the node of the visual axis, a point located right in the center of the pupil, and a very small area of clouding that occurs here can also have a significant impact on vision. Therefore, with posterior subcapsular cataracts, vision loss occurs very early, and patients can have significant symptoms despite the fact that the cataract is found to be very mild and small in extent when examined by the physician. Moreover, because the clouded area is located in the center of the pupil, when the light is strong, the pupil undergoes light reflection and narrows, and the light entering the eye needs to pass through the clouded area completely before it can reach the retina and be imaged, so the patient’s vision is even worse. On the contrary, when the light is dark, because the pupil is relatively large, part of the light entering the eye does not pass through the cloudy cataract, so the vision is instead not as good as when the light is strong. Therefore, patients with this type of cataract are often willing to wear sunglasses to maintain a state of dark light vision. At present, there is no really effective drug to treat cataracts, and the only effective method is surgery. Patients with mild cataracts need only regular observation. When the lesion significantly affects vision and causes inconvenience to life and work, surgical treatment can be used to help restore the patient to normal vision levels. After surgery, strengthen the care of the eyes and avoid prolonged use of the eyes, which leads to eye fatigue. Eat more foods rich in vitamins. In conclusion, painless, progressive and blurred vision are the common and typical clinical manifestations of the three types of cataracts. The prognosis of the disease is good, and most patients can restore the normal physiological function of the lens after surgical replacement of the IOL, which will not affect their daily life.