Premature ovarian failure is defined as the onset of amenorrhea, perimenopausal syndrome or menopausal symptoms, hypoestrogenemia and hypergonadotropinemia, and depletion of ovarian reserve before the age of 40 years. The diagnostic criteria are: (1) Age < 40 years. (2) Duration of amenorrhea ≥ 6 months. (3) Two (more than 1 month apart) blood fsh > 40mIU/ml. It is believed that all women are afraid of premature ovarian failure. The number of follicles in women is fixed at birth, about 400-500 follicles in a lifetime, thus worrying whether the ovaries will fail prematurely after entering ovulation promotion and the future follicles are discharged early? In fact, no, today we will discuss this issue. First of all the process of follicle development is resting follicles, early growth follicles (secondary follicles —- pre-sinus follicles – early sinus follicles —- select follicles), sinus follicles growth period, mature follicles. Resting follicles are non-gonadotropin dependent and are influenced by genetic factors and local regulatory factors. It is only at the secondary follicle stage that they become hyposensitive to gonadotropins and gradually develop into sinus follicles, a process that takes 60 days and begins to become gonadotropin-dependent. After the sinus follicle is formed and reaches 2 mm in diameter, which is the small follicle we can see by ultrasound, the granulosa cells increase significantly and further increase their sensitivity to FSH and continue to develop in a FSH-dependent manner, growing from 2 mm to 18 mm in diameter, which takes about 25 days, the latter 15 days corresponding to the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. The recruitment of sinus follicles occurs on days 1-4 of menstruation, and the follicles that enter the recruitment phase are about 20-30 in number, called follicular clusters. Some follicles are sensitive to low FSH, while others are not, so the sensitive follicles enter the next stage of growth. Ovulation stimulation is the process of increasing the dose of FSH to bring some of the non-sensitive follicles into the sensitive category to grow further and meet the criteria for mature follicles, so usually more follicles can be obtained from ovulation stimulation than from a natural cycle. So where do the immature follicles go? This involves follicular atresia. Atresia actually begins at 7 weeks of embryonic gestation, and in most people only one follicle eventually matures during the natural cycle, with the rest entering the atresia stage accordingly. In other words, the ovulation promotion process only pulls the follicles that should have become atretic back into the growth queue using the medication, rather than bringing forward all subsequent follicles. Will the medication used affect subsequent follicles? As mentioned above the resting follicles are non-gonadotropin dependent, i.e. they can be said to be in a dormant phase and do not respond. And it usually takes 3 months for the secondary follicles to start and for the follicles to mature. After reading this introduction, I believe you have a preliminary understanding of whether ovulation promotion can cause premature follicular failure. Next, let’s get to know premature ovarian failure. The main causes of premature ovarian failure, with a 1-2% chance of occurrence, are currently as follows: firstly, chromosomal abnormalities, especially those of the X chromosome, such as Turner syndrome (X chromosome deletion), fragile X syndrome, and secondly, drugs that are toxic to the ovaries such as chemotherapy, pelvic radiotherapy, ovarian-related surgical treatment, and autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of premature ovarian failure is of unknown cause, as the person is a whole. Psychological factors can also affect ovarian function, such as high intensity workload, anxiety and depression and other stressful psychology, and excessive late nights can affect ovarian function. At present, because of the change of social rhythm, the number of patients with premature ovarian failure for this reason is increasing. We hope that we can adjust our mindset, arrange our life and work rationally, have a positive and healthy way to improve the quality of life.