Contraindications to HRT include: known or suspected pregnancy; unexplained vaginal bleeding or endometrial hyperplasia; known or suspected breast cancer, endometrial cancer; known or suspected sex hormone-related malignancy; active venous or arterial thromboembolic disease within 6 months; ophthalmic vascular disease; acute or chronic severe hepatic impairment; hematoporphyria, otosclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus; progestin-related meningioma. progesterone-related meningioma. HRT caution: uterine fibroids; endometriosis; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and severe hypertension, familial hyperlipidemia; history of thromboembolism or propensity to thrombosis; gallbladder disease, epilepsy, migraine, asthma, hyperprolactinemia, chronic cystic mastitis, collagen disease; benign breast disease: cystic fibrosis; family history of breast cancer