Azoospermia is divided into obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia (also known as spermatogenic dysfunctional azoospermia). The vast majority of obstructive azoospermia requires IVF through epididymal or testicular sperm retrieval, while most non-obstructive azoospermia cannot be treated and can only be treated by donor insemination or cuddling, and a few can be treated. Therefore, the first step in azoospermia is to determine the cause of the disease before deciding on a treatment plan.