The incidence of hypospadias, a common congenital malformation in newborns, is about 1 in 1000 in China and is gradually increasing, and the only treatment available is surgery. Although there are many factors that affect the outcome of surgery, the timing of surgery has a great impact on the outcome. In my personal opinion alone, the first surgery is extremely important, as it is related to the patient’s disease regression. In layman’s terms, if the first surgery is done well, the child will suffer less in the future, but if the first surgery fails, a second surgery, or even a third or fourth surgery, will be needed, even forming a vicious circle of “the worse it gets”. Therefore, it is very important to know when to do the first hypospadias surgery. So, when should Chinese children with hypospadias undergo surgery? With the increasing development of online media, young parents can easily search for information about hypospadias on the Internet, so there is a situation where some parents question me in the clinic: “Doctor, it says on the Internet that my child is at the best age for surgery, why do we have to wait a little longer/use medication before surgery?” . Indeed, the age of surgery for suburethral cleft is regulated. In foreign countries, 6-18 months is the recommended age for hypospadias surgery. In China, some doctors believe that surgery can be performed at around 1 year of age, while others believe that patients can be operated before 3 years of age. We have analyzed the data of more than 800 cases of hypospadias surgery we have performed in the past and the results suggest that the balance between surgical results and risks can be effectively achieved at the age of 2 years. Regardless of the above-mentioned age, the child is at a stage of rapid growth and development but with a fuzzy memory, which allows for a better balance between anesthesia, surgical difficulty, and efficacy on the one hand, and greater psychological trauma on the other. However, the age alone is not sufficient, as the penile development of the child is also a very important reference, sometimes even more important than the age. According to my personal experience with my Western counterparts, the penile development of domestic patients with hypospadias of the same age group is generally not as good as that of Western patients. For example, in the same 1 year old children, some of the children in China do not have the penis development to qualify for surgery. I myself have encountered 2-year-old children whose glans is not much larger in diameter than a size 6 stent tube, in which case glans formation is not possible and will affect the shape of the penis. However, I have also encountered some Uyghur children whose penis size is about the same as that of a normal 3-year-old Han Chinese child at the age of about 1 year, and there is no problem with the surgery at this time. Therefore, I personally believe that the timing of surgery for domestic patients with hypospadias should be chosen with reference to both age and penile development. The development of the penis is necessary to decide whether to operate or not, while the age sets a deadline for the operation. Considering the development of the penis in some children in China, some children of the right age can be treated with drugs to promote penile development before surgery. In addition, if the penis is severely curved and affects the development, the penis can be straightened in stage I and then operated in stage II after six months, during which the decision to use medication can be made based on follow-up.