The surgical procedure of mastectomy: 1. The patient lies flat on the surgical bed and generally the upper limb of the affected side is abducted to fully expose the axilla, which will help the smooth operation later. 2. Routine disinfection and towel laying is performed to disinfect at least 20 cm around the excision site. 3. A very important step after excision is the rapid intraoperative pathological examination. If the result is benign, the nodule can be sutured and sterilized; if the nodule is malignant, breast-conserving surgery or radical surgery will be chosen depending on the specific degree of malignancy. If the patient is unable to make a clear choice on the operating table, he or she may also be temporarily sutured and then treated with a second surgical procedure after postoperative discussion and understanding with the family.