Freckles refer to scattered dark brown spots on the face and other places. See Volume 4 of “The Authentic Book of Surgery”. It is commonly known as freckles. The cause of the disease is mostly due to the fire and Sunluo blood or the wind-heat of lung meridian. It can be applied to the affected area with Yurong San water or applied with white poria powder.
Many people know about freckles, but they don’t know why they are called freckles? Is it related to sparrow? Yes, the name is indeed related to sparrow. To be precise, it is related to the sparrow’s eggs. If you have seen sparrow eggs, you should know why the spots on your face are called freckles. To be more precise, freckles are commonly known as “freckles”, which are called freckles because they are scattered on the face like sesame seeds, like the color of a sparrow’s egg. There are many folk names, such as “fly shit”, “earth spot”, “silkworm sand” (Shanxi), masked sand (Henan), flea spot (Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas), and so on.
I. Etiology: “Freckles” are caused by hereditary genes.
The “freckle hereditary gene” increases the activity of tyrosinase in the basal layer under the ultraviolet radiation, forming both melanin and freckle, also called genetic spot, which is a fixed body born in the fetal period. Hereditary freckles are divided into visible and invisible spots, visible spots start to form at the age of 6-12 and reach the peak at the age of 18; while invisible spots are mostly found on the face after the reflection of pregnancy, which is the reason why some people divide freckles into congenital and acquired freckles. In fact, after pregnancy, the endocrine secretion of pregnant women will change a lot, which will stimulate the hidden freckles to break out. As long as freckles are caused by hereditary genes. This is why some parents have no freckles, but their children have freckles. Although one or both parents do not have freckles, the genes of freckles carried by one or both parents are passed on to the child.
Pathological structure: There are certain melanocytes scattered in the basal layer of human skin, and melanocytes constantly produce melanin, which is responsible for resisting the damage of various rays (mainly ultraviolet rays) in the universe to human body. Because of the different amount of melanin in the skin, there is a difference between black, yellow and white people. The freckles are formed by genetically mutated melanocytes. The mutated melanocytes are larger than normal melanocytes, and the dendrites are enlarged and enlarged. The dendrites are filled with melanin and show up as dark spots on the skin surface. The mutated melanocytes are like the mother of the sea anemone, and the dendrites are like the many tentacles on the anemone. Physical methods such as laser, freezing and grinding are designed to destroy the subcutaneous structure of freckles through mechanical action to achieve the goal, but melanocytes are scattered in the basal layer of the skin. Therefore, these physical methods only dare to injure the epidermis above the basal layer, that is, they only destroy the tree branch shutters, or only pierce the melanocytes. It is like cutting off part of the anemone’s tentacles or only piercing the mother anemone, but the anemone will soon repair the wound and grow new tentacles. In the case of freckles, the mutated melanocytes grow new dendrites and the dendrites are filled with melanin again. The freckles will show up on the skin again. The principle of cosmetic freckle removal is to use hydroquinone and hydroquinone derivatives to stop the transformation of black cells into melanin by amine, and general freckle removal cosmetics also contain a certain amount of skin peeling agents to promote the renewal of epidermis as soon as possible to achieve the effect of removing freckles and reducing the color of freckles. However, because the pathological structure and causes of freckles and other pigmentation spots are different, many cosmetics that have obvious effect on pigmentation spots have little effect on freckles.
Clinical manifestations: pigment spots are dotted, round, oval, or in various irregular shapes; they are most commonly distributed on the face, especially around the nose and cheeks, with a size as large as a needle point to a grain of rice, generally less than 2 mm in diameter, and ranging from light brown to dark brown; the number of distribution is a few dozens, but hundreds, most of them are densely distributed, but they do not fuse with each other, and are scattered around the face in isolation. They can be found on the back of the hands, neck, front and back of the ears, ear cavity, shoulders and arms and other exposed parts of the body. Most of them are symmetrical.
Generally, freckles begin in children between the ages of 5 and 10, and are more common in women than in men.
2. The lightness of freckle color and the number of spots are related to the degree of heredity, light intensity, age, different regions, different races, different occupations and working environments, and even to the mood and whether there is enough sleep. However, among these relationships, the main one is closely related to the genes of freckles.
Identification: Although freckles are easy to recognize, there are still some spots that can be easily confused with them.
1.Zygomatic brown-cyan nevus: symmetrical distribution of black-gray spots on the zygomatic area with obvious boundaries and a number of about 10-20, mostly seen in women, and called dermal spots or zygomatic nevus by beauty salons. The etiology is unclear.
2. Freckle-like nevus: The onset of the disease is around one year old or two years old, the color is darker than freckle, not related to sunlight, no change of summer weight and winter lightness, and can occur in any part of the body. The pathology shows an increase in the number of melanocytes. It is often on one side and generally shows intensive.
3.Staining dry skin disease: there are capillary dilation around the freckle-like pigment spots, the pigment spots are of different sizes, uneven shades and uneven distribution. Atrophic spots and photosensitive prominence are seen.
4. Freckle-like nevus in the middle of the face: rare, often develops around one year of age, brown color is concentrated in the middle of the face, accompanied by other deformities, such as epilepsy, low intelligence, etc.
5.Pigmentation – intestinal polyp syndrome: pigmented spots are black, common in mouth, lips and cheek mucosa, not affected by sunlight, often accompanied by polyps.
6.Chloasma: light brown to dark brown pigmented spots are symmetrically distributed on the face, not involving the eyelids and the oral cavity. The edges are clear or diffuse, sometimes in the shape of butterfly wings. It is common in women of childbearing age.
Treatment: There are many methods claiming to treat freckles in the market now. But the representative ones are as follows. It is worth saying that freckles are caused by heredity, so unless genetic science is developed to eradicate freckles genetically, freckles can only be reduced (cosmetics) and eliminated (medical surgery) by external products. It is just a cover-up to say that we should eat some capsules to get rid of freckles.
A, at present, the most common method to quickly and effectively make freckles disappear from the face is the medical laser. Other types of fast freckle removal are similar or identical to it. Many patients do not understand that there are many kinds of lasers (including helium-neon laser, argon ion laser, carbon dioxide laser, neodymium-doped laser, dye laser, copper vapor laser, ruby laser, hydrogen laser, frequency doubling laser and other 10 kinds of medical lasers). It uses the thermal, mechanical, photochemical and electric Q effects produced by light radiation to the skin to cauterize, carbonize, vaporize and coagulate the diseased tissue, inactivate biological tissue enzymes and denature proteins. If you want to use laser to get rid of freckles, you should choose high-tech Q open laser, other lasers should not be used. But the problem is that if you want to choose the high-tech Q laser, the cost is usually 4,000-6,000 yuan, which is difficult for ordinary people to afford.
B, at present, the most widely used cosmetics for freckle patients at home and abroad (high school and low grade are available). The most influential one in China is “White Doctor”! However, most of these cosmetics contain prohibited chemicals, such as hydroquinone, bleaching agent, lead and mercury, peeling agent, etc. They are effective for a short period of time. However, the effect on freckles is only fading, and long-term use is harmful to the skin, because of its huge scale of advertising and low price for easy purchase and use, there are still many users. In addition, because of the mechanical bleaching, although the causes of chloasma, freckles, sun spots, age spots and even acne pigmentation marks are different, one product can be used for many kinds of spots. The freckles that are lightened are sometimes more embarrassing to patients (these words can be understood by patients without words ……) C. At present, there is no national drug listed in China that is designed to eliminate freckles. At present, there are several national medicine approved products on the market to dispel freckles. But the scope of treatment includes chloasma, freckles, sun spots, age spots, skin pigmentation, and even acne and acne pigmentation marks. One question is: the causes of spots and spots are different, even the causes of the same kind of spots (chloasma) and spots and acne are also different, but one medicine treats so many, and it is taken internally, so the effect on other spots is not known, but the effect on freckles that occur by genetic predisposition is not known. It is used according to the course of treatment, the course of treatment is long, and the cost is not low, the cost is usually ranging from 1000-2000 yuan, and there are often follow-up costs.
Freckle reduction recipe.
1, the fresh carrot crushed squeeze juice, take 10-30 ml, daily morning and evening after washing face, to be dry, wash. In addition, drink a glass of carrot juice every day, can whiten the skin, to achieve the effect of removing spots.
2, lemon juice stirred juice, add sugar water to drink. Lemon contains a lot of vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, iron and so on. Drinking lemon juice can not only whiten your skin, but also make melanin precipitate and achieve the effect of removing spots.
3. Drinking a glass of tomato juice or eating tomatoes every day has a good effect on preventing blemishes. Because tomatoes are rich in glutathione, glutathione can inhibit melanin, so that the pigmentation can be reduced or disappeared.
4.When you wash your face, add 1-2 tablespoons of vinegar to the water, it can reduce the effect of pigmentation.
5.Eating one tablet of vitamin C and vitamin E every day can help to remove spots.
6.Use clean eggplant skin on your face, after a period of time, the small spots will be less obvious.
7. 60 grams of water buffalo horn, 30 grams of hemp, qiangwu and fangfeng, 15 grams of dahurica, 30 grams of raw earth, 15 grams of Chuanxiong, safflower and scutellaria, and 6 grams of licorice. The medicines are finely ground, steamed, and made into small pills. 10 grams are taken every night with warm water. This formula dispels wind and heat, cools the blood and disperses it, and is effective in treating freckles.
8.Several fungus seeds. Make the powder of Caulophyllum, wash it, roast it, research it into fine powder, and bottle it up. Take 3 grams after each meal and send it down with rice soup 3 times a day. This formula is suitable for freckles caused by wind and blood disorder.
9. 15 grams of Radix Rehmanniae, 10 grams of Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, 10 grams of fried Dampi, 12 grams of Poria, 30 grams of Yam, 3 grams of Fructus Momordicae, 3 grams of Fructus Bupleurum, 10 grams of Licorice. Decoction with water, 1 dose per day, divided into 2 doses. This formula is suitable for freckles caused by kidney yin deficiency.
10.The right amount of black petunia rice and the right amount of egg white. Mix the two well and set aside. Apply the black petunia powder on the face before going to bed and wash it off in the morning. This formula can not only remove freckles, but also protect the skin.
Precautions: 1. Sun protection! This article is very important! Because pigmentation is most afraid of sunlight. Sunlight exposure or excessive exposure to X-rays and ultraviolet rays can promote pigmentation and aggravate it. Even fluorescent lamps used for indoor lighting can aggravate pigmentation by stimulating ultraviolet rays, so it can be considered that pigmentation is a physical damage skin disease. Sunlight can increase melanin activity, resulting in increased melanin content in the basal layer of the epidermis and pigmentation formation. In summer, sun exposure is sufficient, pigmentation activity is frequent, the number of spots increases, the color deepens and the damage becomes bigger; in winter, sun exposure is less, the number of spots decreases, the color becomes lighter and the damage shrinks. It can be seen that sunlight is a necessary factor for the occurrence of pigmentation, so patients should try to avoid long time sunlight, especially in summer.
2. Prevent all kinds of ionizing radiation! This includes various kinds of glass-cased display, fluorescent lamps, X-ray machines, ultraviolet irradiators and so on. These undesirable stimuli can produce similar consequences as strong sunlight irradiation, even greater than the damage of sunlight irradiation, which results in the aggravation of pigmentation.
3. Be careful with all kinds of invasive treatments! Including freezing, laser, electric ion, strong acid, strong alkali and other corrosive substances, otherwise it is easy to cause disfigurement 4. It can cause hundreds of side effects! Result in serious disfigurement!
5, quit bad habits, such as smoking, drinking, staying up late, etc.
6, drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, strawberries, peaches, etc.
7, pay attention to rest and ensure adequate sleep. Sleep deprivation is prone to dark circles under the eyes, the skin becomes gray and black.
8, maintain a good mood. Refreshed skin is good, bad mood will have the opposite effect.
9, avoid stimulating food: stimulating food is easy to make the skin aging. Especially coffee, cola, strong tea, cigarettes, wine, etc.. The more you eat, the faster the aging will be, resulting in melanin molecules floating on the surface of the skin, making dark spots expand and darken.