Osteoporosis I. What is osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by reduced bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. In China, there are about 80 million people suffering from osteoporosis, with an incidence rate of 6.97%. The prevalence of osteoporosis is 3-5 times higher in women than in men, mostly in people over 50-60 years of age. Osteoporosis can be caused by menopause, primary osteoporosis and endocrine diseases, such as diabetes and hyperthyroidism. Osteoporosis can produce bone pain, hunchback, short stature and fracture. Common osteoporotic fractures include hip fracture and spine fracture. 20% of the survivors die within one year after hip fracture due to various comorbidities, and about 50% of the survivors become disabled, unable to take care of themselves, and their quality of life is significantly reduced. Prevention of osteoporosis 1. strengthen exercise; 2. ensure adequate calcium intake; 3. for postmenopausal women, supplement estrogen or combined estrogen and progestin as appropriate; 4. prevent 4. prevent and actively treat various chronic wasting diseases to reduce the risk of osteoporosis