Upper limb and facial vascular varicosities, edema and bruising are symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome, also known as superior vena cava obstruction syndrome, which is a syndrome caused by venous obstruction in the superior vena cava or its surrounding lesions, resulting in obstruction of blood flow in the superior vena cava, resulting in varicosities, edema and bruising in the upper limbs and facial veins. Causes of varicose, edema and bruising of upper limbs and facial vessels: 1. Superior vena cava thrombosis or embolism, including thrombophlebitis of superior vena cava, tuberculous superior vena cava phlebitis and thrombosis caused by catheter insertion, etc. 2.Extra-superior vena cava factors Mediastinal local hematoma after thoracic surgery or ascending aortic aneurysm etc. compressing the superior vena cava. 3.pericardial tamponade Large amount of pericardial effusion or pericardial hemorrhage after thoracic surgery, pseudoventricular wall aneurysm compressing the right atrium after myocardial infarction causing poor superior vena cava reflux. 4.Mediastinal inflammation Chronic mediastinitis or chronic mediastinal lymphadenitis, mediastinal abscess, idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis, etc. 5.Tumors of the thorax Bronchopulmonary cancer is the most common, other tumors of the upper mediastinum, thoracic adenocarcinoma, intrathoracic goiter, teratoma, esophageal cancer, malignant lymphoma, primary malignant tumors of the mediastinum such as germ cell tumor, metastatic mediastinal malignant tumors such as metastatic lung cancer, metastatic tumors of the mediastinal lymph nodes.