What do you know about laser treatment for neurofibromas?

Neurofibromas are clinically common as a benign tumor of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, originating from the nerve sheath cells and the supporting connective tissue of the inner and outer coat of the nerves of the mesenchymal tissues, and can occur anywhere in the nerve trunk and nerve endings. It can occur in any part of the nerve trunk and nerve end. It can be single or multiple. However, multiple occurrence is the most common, and multiple occurrence is neuromatosis. Clinical manifestations: Single neurofibroma protrudes from the surface of the skin, and can be touched under the skin, which is round, nodular or pike-shaped. The quality is soft and hard, most of them are soft, with more incidence in adults and less in children. The characteristics of neurofibroma are: the lumps are multiple, the number of indeterminate, less a few, more can be hundreds of thousands of hard to count. The small ones are like grains of rice, the big ones are like fists, and they can even be more than ten kilograms. They can hang loosely on the skin surface, and the folds and looseness can lead to obvious deformity. Neurofibroma along the nerve trunk of the course of the growth of candida, or earthworm block-shaped nodules. In addition, the skin of neurofibroma can appear coffee spots, varying in size, shaped like freckles dots, or large flakes, the distribution of neurofibroma mass is not related to the distribution. In patients with a small number of tumors, skin pigmentation in the form of cafĂ©-au-lait spots is one of the most important diagnoses of fibrillary neuroma. This disease mostly occurs in the trunk, sometimes in the limbs and face, patients often combined with many diseases should be paid attention to distinguish. 2.Treatment if the neurofibroma is located in the skin or subcutaneous and other nerve endings, simple excision of the tumor, especially for some tumors without periphery, unclear boundary, vascular sinusoidal cavity within the tumor tissue and loose cellular tissue of neurofibroma, laser treatment is superior to the traditional method of treatment. For those that cause pain, affect function and have malignant changes in appearance, surgical laser resection is necessary. The multiple neuromas are not urgent to be operated without clinical symptoms due to the large number of neuromas, and the ones that cause clinical symptoms should be resected. Anesthesia: local infiltrative anesthesia is used for surgery. Surgical method: the incision is selected according to the shape of the tumor, small tumors such as grains of rice are cut by Nd:YAG photocutter directly inserted into the center, larger tumors, especially neurofibromas shaped like fists are cut by photocutter, and those that are protruding out of the skin are made into pike shaped incision. After incision of the skin, the assistant clamped the inner side of the incised skin with skin forceps, and separated the tumor along the periphery with CO2 laser (power 25W), or Nd:YAG laser tip (outside on the homemade protective handle, power 25-30W), paying attention to whether there was any obvious bleeding during the operation, and it was convenient to excise the tumor only with Nd:YAG laser if the bleeding was obvious. Neurofibroma that grows along the nerve trunk and presents rosary-like or earthworm-like block nodules should be protected during surgery. Because neurofibroma originates from the nerve sheath cells and interlobular tissue within the nerve and the nerve coat and other supportive connective tissues, not directly belong to the nerve cells of the tumor tissue. After cutting the tumor tissue with laser, switch to CO2 laser and adjust the power to be smaller and the beam parallel to the nerve stem to cut outside the nerve sheath. The practical power can be used as a test before cutting, and then applied to cutting after the output laser is normal and suitable. Used as a single cell cutting method CO2 laser is better than Nd: YAG laser, Nd: YAG laser action in soft tissue damage than CO2 laser heavy. Tumors with richer blood supply with Nd: YAG laser cutting and superior than CO2 laser. Therefore, the operator must have a comprehensive understanding of the laser, and skillful application, the use of power is extremely important, in the case of comprehensive mastery of the laser, to strengthen the application of the anatomy that can achieve the expected good results. After surgery, suture should be made according to the anatomical level. Special tumors, such as the absence of periphery, unclear boundary, tumor tissue with more sizes of vascular sinus cavities and loose cellular tissue-type mixed tumors, with more bleeding during conventional manipulative resection, and thus can be avoided during laser resection, are the best indications for Nd:YAG laser treatment. Surgical methods include open incision surgery and micro-incision closed resection. In the former, according to the volume of the tumor, strict disinfection and laying, local 1% lidocaine infiltration and injection, cut the skin with Nd:YAG laser (note that the face should not be cut with a laser knife to cut the skin, but can be used to cut the skin with a metal scalpel and then use a laser knife to peel), and laser cut along the tumor border where it is clearer. If the boundary is not clear, calculate the volume of the tumor, cut and separate it with the light knife, clean the cavity, observe the situation of the surgically cut tissues and deal with it accordingly, and make sure to remove the suspected lesions completely. Pressure bandage can be applied for 1 week after surgery, and no dead space should be left when incision and suture are made, so as to avoid secondary hematoma and abscess formation after surgery. Smaller volume of mixed fibrous neuroma, consider bleeding more, after local anesthesia with light knife handle on the fiber optic directly cut the skin 0.3cm hole into the cavity to do the circumference of the cut, and then through the microporous removal of the cut tissue, discharge the blood in the cavity, the incision does not need to be sutured. The incision is not sutured. After the operation, the wound can be bandaged with sterile gauze under pressure for 1 week. 4, postoperative treatment: daily dressing change after laser resection, no secretion oozing, reduce the number of extended changes. Postoperative antimicrobial agents and multivitamins should be given for 1 week to support the treatment. Large surgical area, in addition to postoperative treatment, should strengthen the patient’s nutrition, so that the patient’s early recovery. Bedridden patients are given fresh fruits and vegetables rich in multivitamins.