The carotid artery is one of the key blood supply channels in the body, delivering blood to the brain every hour of the day to keep it functioning properly. A narrowing of the carotid artery can narrow this supply channel, which can lead to a lack of blood supply to the brain and have a significant impact. Carotid artery stenosis should be taken seriously enough, especially for moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis, which requires surgical treatment. Some patients ask whether carotid artery stenosis of 73% requires stenting. If carotid stenosis reaches 73%, the situation is more serious, and conservative treatment alone is not effective, so surgery needs to be considered. At present, many hospitals carry out stenting for carotid artery stenosis, but some clinical verification shows that the treatment of carotid artery stenosis by interventional stenting is very limited. Because the stent itself is a foreign body, the patient will have some slight foreign body reaction after the operation; also, the stent intervention does not really remove the plaque, but only squeezes the plaque through the vascular stenting method, in which case the carotid artery sclerosis plaque still exists, and the patient’s carotid artery will be easily restenosed after the operation; in addition, if the position of the stent is deviated during the operation, the patient may have thrombosis again after the operation. In addition, if the position of the stent is misplaced during the surgery, the thrombus may grow again after the surgery. Given these drawbacks, stenting is no longer recommended for patients with moderate to severe carotid artery stenosis. For better therapeutic control, a more advanced and safe treatment option is needed. Carotid endarterectomy is currently recognized by the international and domestic medical community as a more classical and effective way to treat moderate to severe carotid stenosis with excellent results. Carotid endarterectomy is safe, and the surgery is performed under a microscope, with an incision size of about 6-8 cm. The operation time is short, and the smoothness of the inner wall of the carotid artery can be restored after the surgery, and patients can resume normal life in 1-2 days.