Traffic accidents are the most common cause of craniocerebral trauma in adults, whereas the causes of traumatic brain injury in children, infants and young children are mostly fall injuries or injuries from falls, and the proportion of traffic accidents is obviously less. This is closely related to the fact that children are active and lack the ability to protect themselves. In addition, it is related to the caregiver’s poor care. 1.Fewer impact injuries, more depressed fractures Due to the soft characteristics of pediatric tissues, in the event of craniocerebral injury, the chances of impact injuries are not great. This is because when the external force is exerted, the skull at the point of force is easy to produce depression fracture due to immaturity, thin bone, high elasticity or unclosed cranial suture, etc., and the energy is partially absorbed, so that the energy transmitted to the brain tissue is reduced, and thus the damage to the brain tissue is lighter than that of adults. In addition, children’s brain tissue and cerebrovascular compliance of large blood vessels are flexible and not easy to break, brain tissue is not easy to shift, plus the skull base of the butterfly bone ridge is flatter, reducing the friction on the surface of the brain tissue, so the chances of hedonic injuries are reduced compared with that of adults. Therefore, the proportion of intracranial hematoma, cerebral contusion and skull fracture in children is lower than that in adults. 2, lower mortality rate In contrast, the mortality rate of children is relatively low, mainly because the brain tissue and intracranial vascular compliance is good, strong compensatory capacity. For infants and young children before the age of one and a half years, the fontanel and cranial suture are not closed, which also contributes to the low mortality rate and severe disability rate. The prognosis of children with craniocerebral injuries is better than that of adult patients. Some children had brain herniation and apnea, but after emergency craniotomy and timely removal of intracerebral hematoma, the children’s lives were saved, and they recovered well after the operation, with no or only minor sequelae. There are two cases of brain stem injury children, through the active treatment of comprehensive measures, consciousness gradually awake, so the heavy cerebral contusion injury, brain stem injury and even brain hernia in the late stage of the child, as long as the timely rescue treatment, can also get a more satisfactory therapeutic effect. Therefore, parents and doctors should not give up lightly.