What is primary brainstem injury disease? This is a relatively common brain disease in life, mainly caused by the patient’s body, especially the head suffered a severe impact, for which we need to pay more attention in the prevention and diagnosis. This primary brainstem injury accounts for a large proportion of brain diseases, for which we need to make active prevention and treatment. The pathological changes of primary brainstem injury can be divided into: 1, brainstem concussion: there are symptoms of brainstem injury, but there is no obvious pathological changes; 2, brainstem contusion: there is hemorrhage and edema in the brainstem itself, which can be combined with the damage of cerebral nerves, and it is mostly seen in the fracture of the base of the skull; 3, brainstem hemorrhage: point or focal hemorrhage occurs in the parenchyma of the brainstem, and there are both light and heavy hemorrhage, and the hemorrhage foci of those who have larger foci are more serious, and most of them will die soon after the injury. Brain stem softening: caused by focal ischemic necrosis of the brain stem, showing focal tissue necrosis and structural dissociation in the early stage, and a large number of lattice cells appearing in the late stage, which phagocytose the softened and necrotic tissues and remove them; 5. Limited edema of the brain stem: the parts of the brain stem injury show obvious edema changes. Disease examination imaging examination 1, CT examination: due to the interference of bone artifacts in the posterior cranial fossa, it is difficult to diagnose mild brainstem injury. Common CT manifestations are ring pool, basal pool disappearance, small high-density hemorrhagic foci in the brainstem, or low-density edema areas. 2.MRI examination: it is the most ideal method to diagnose brainstem injury, which can clearly show the location and degree of injury. However, it is often difficult to use this examination for patients with critical condition in early stage. Other examination Lumbar puncture: intracranial pressure is mostly not increased, and red blood cells are increased in cerebral crest fluid. In our daily life, it is very possible to encounter this kind of primary brainstem injury, so what we have to do now is to think of positive countermeasures to avoid being helpless when encountering this disease. The above gives us a comprehensive explanation of the various aspects of this disease, which lays a solid foundation for us to prevent this disease, so that we can do early prevention and early detection and early treatment.