China is a high prevalence area for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and the number of chronic HBV carriers is also as high as 93 million through more than 10 years of large-scale hepatitis B vaccination. At least 1/3 of the chronic HBV carriers are caused by mother-to-child transmission. In the case of men with HBV infection, their semen contains HBV, which can be transmitted sexually, allowing women to contract hepatitis B virus, which results in mother-to-child transmission. Fertility problems of male patients on antiviral treatment 1. For the treatment of planned conception, you can give antiviral treatment first, wait for obtaining continuous treatment response, and stop the drug for a period of time before conception. For those who are receiving antiviral treatment, interferon drugs must be stopped for 3 months before conception; while nucleoside drugs can be stopped for 2 weeks after treatment for milder cases, and those who cannot stop the drugs for more severe cases can be replaced by lamivudine, telbivudine and tenofovir for a period of time before conception. 3. For male unwanted conception during oral nucleoside analogues, after fully informed communication, the woman can continue the pregnancy and observe closely; however, for male unwanted conception during interferon treatment, the safety is unknown, and after fully informed communication, the woman is advised to terminate the pregnancy.