Prostate cancer (Pca) is a common malignancy in Europe and the United States. In the United States, the incidence of prostate cancer is the first malignant tumor in men and the mortality rate is the second, and in 2008, it is estimated that 186,320 people in the United States will develop prostate cancer, accounting for 25% of new malignant tumors in men, and 28,660 people will die from prostate cancer, accounting for 10% of malignant tumor deaths in men. In China, the incidence of prostate cancer is at a low level in the world. However, with the aging of society and changes in diet and lifestyle habits, the incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer has increased significantly in recent years. The symptoms of early prostate cancer are similar to those of prostate enlargement, so it is easy to be missed and delayed, so most of the prostate cancer found in clinical practice is already in advanced stage. At present, the age of Pca diagnosis is considered to be over 50 years old, which is a disease of the elderly, so older men should be alert to prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is often accompanied by benign prostate hyperplasia, and there is no clinical symptom in the early stage. As the disease progresses, it may manifest clinically as obstructive symptoms caused by prostate hyperplasia, such as frequent urination, thin urine line, incomplete urination, some have difficulty urinating, and a few have hematuria. When Pca is advanced, it may show back pain, bone pain, difficulty in defecation, pathological fracture, paraplegia, hematospermia when local tumor invades the ejaculatory duct, and impotence when it invades the pelvic floor plexus. The preliminary diagnosis of prostate cancer mainly relies on anal finger examination, blood prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and transrectal ultrasonography. For patients with prostate disease, anal examination is the first and most important test. The PSA is a serine protein hydrolase secreted by the prostate epithelium and is currently the most important tumor marker for Pca. Ultrasound shows hypoechoic foci in the peripheral zone of the prostate. In the above cases, a transrectal ultrasound guided prostate puncture biopsy should be performed to confirm the diagnosis of prostate cancer at an early stage. Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor in elderly men. Its treatment should be based on the extent of the tumor lesion, the presence of metastases; the patient’s general condition, the presence of other systemic diseases, the patient’s age, life expectancy, etc., and the selection of the appropriate treatment according to the stage of Pca. For early Pca, if the age is lighter, the systemic condition is better, and the life expectancy is greater than 10 years, radical prostatectomy is the best treatment for it, with a 15-year survival rate of 86%-93%. If the patient is older and in a difficult systemic condition to tolerate radical surgery or local infiltration progression, radiation therapy is a better treatment option; for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer endocrine therapy is its effective treatment; for hormone refractory Pca chemotherapy is used.