Reduced glutathione has detoxifying, hepatoprotective, and hepatocyte membrane-protecting effects, and is therefore often used in hepatoprotective therapy for patients with hepatitis flare-ups. For patients with hepatitis flare-ups, in addition to aggressive hepatoprotective therapy, etiologic investigations are needed, which include viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, and autoimmune liver injury. It is recommended to clarify whether it is caused by viral hepatitis. If it is caused by hepatitis B, first-line antiviral drugs, including entecavir and tenofovir, can effectively inhibit the replication of hepatitis B virus, delay the progress of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and reduce the incidence of liver cancer.