One day in January 2005, after completing her regular physical training, Juan Juan felt a vague swelling pain in her left calf, recalling the recent training process and not experiencing any obvious injuries, as the gymnastics team had recently been preparing for an important domestic event and everyone thought it was due to overtraining. It was thought to be the result of overtraining and would improve with proper rest. In the following days, the team doctor did some massage, hot compresses and other physical therapy for Juan, and the pain in her calf was slightly relieved, so Juan went back to her intense pre-tournament training. By April, Juan’s left calf was obviously swollen, hot and in severe pain, so the team sent her to the hospital for medical attention. After detailed examination, Juan Juan’s calf was found to have a malignant tumor, and it was already in the middle to late stage, losing the chance of radical treatment. Primary bone tumor mainly includes osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, etc., which are mainly found in teenagers, mostly in the limbs, with high malignant degree and fast progress. The above treatment will accelerate the progress and spread of tumor. Therefore, many patients are already in the middle and late stage when they are diagnosed, and have to amputate their valuable limbs, some even pay the price of life. In recent years, with the promotion of the concept of comprehensive treatment and the development of medical engineering technology, the treatment measures of bone tumor have been fundamentally changed, advocating neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb preservation treatment (using artificial bone or artificial joint technology) and a certain course of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery to consolidate and prevent distant metastasis. The treatment effect has been greatly improved by consolidation and prevention of distant metastasis. The five-year survival rate has increased from less than 20% in the past to about 70% today. Most of the cases can be detected by simple X-ray examination, but a few of them have to cooperate with special examination such as MRI to detect the problem. If tumor lesions are found in imaging examination, biopsy should be arranged, and once the pathology is clearly diagnosed, the standard treatment process of bone tumor will be entered immediately. In conclusion, early detection, early treatment and standardized treatment are the key to bone tumor cure.