In recent years, with the gradual elucidation of the molecular genetics of malignant glioblastoma, the important role of certain cellular signal transduction pathways and related genes in the occurrence and development of malignant glioblastoma has become increasingly clear, which has led to a new solution for neuro-oncologists to effectively treat malignant glioblastoma – molecular targeted therapy. Targeted therapies that target genes that are abnormally expressed in malignant tumors, and their protein products, have opened up new approaches and tools for cancer treatment. In lung cancer, for example, 43%-89% of lung cancer patients have overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). There are two types of molecularly targeted therapies for EGFR in lung cancer: tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), which bind to and inhibit intracellular tyrosine kinase, and synthetic monoclonal antibodies (MAb), which can bind to the extracellular binding region of EGFR, thereby blocking the ligand region of EGFR, thereby blocking the binding and activation of the ligand to EGFR. In this way, either extracellular blockade or inhibition of intracellular EGFR can affect the signaling system of cancer cells, thereby inhibiting the proliferation, division, and invasive growth of cancer cells. The above two drugs targeting EGFR in lung cancer can significantly improve the survival quality and clinical symptoms of lung cancer patients. Currently, molecularly targeted drugs for malignant glioblastoma are still in preclinical studies. However, many years of research have confirmed that proto-oncogenes (EGF and PDGF and their receptors) and tumor suppressor oncogenes (including pl6INK4a, pl4ARF, PTEN, RB1 and TP53) are closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant glioblastoma. In addition, common heterozygous deletions of 1P, 10p, 10q, 19q and 22q also affect the genetic expression of malignant glioblastoma. These available findings provide research targets for molecularly targeted therapies for malignant glioblastoma.