I. The following whitening drugs are commonly used.
1. Vitamin B4 tablets 10 mg, 25 mg. Oral 20-60 mg/day, divided into 3 doses to promote leukocyte proliferation, for the prevention and treatment of various causes of leukopenia is more effective.
2.Squalenol tablet 25 mg, 50 mg, oral 50-150 mg/day, divided into 3 doses has the effect of increasing the number of granulocytes, can increase the number of megakaryocytes and granulocytes reduced by radiation therapy. It has antagonistic effect on blood suppression caused by radiation and chemotherapy drugs, and is used to prevent and treat leukopenia caused by chemotherapy, benzene poisoning and radiotherapy.
Inosine tablet 0.2g. Take 0.2-0.4g/time orally, 3-4 times/day. Used for leukopenia caused by radiation, anticancer drugs and other drugs, and for acute and chronic hepatitis myocardial infarction, etc.
3, fennelene (ascending white nin, fennel brain) can promote the bone marrow into the peri-peripheral blood axils of heat-forming leukocytes, due to the feedback effect of the body can also promote the accelerated maturation and release of bone marrow cells, so that the bone marrow cells show an active state, so it can reduce the decline of white blood cells and promote the recovery of white blood cells. It is suitable for leukopenia caused by tumor chemotherapy or radiotherapy, as well as other causes of leukopenia. A few patients have transient gastrointestinal reactions, such as dry mouth, poor appetite, nausea, stomach discomfort, etc.
4. Berberamine has the effect of stimulating hematopoietic function and raising leukocytes in terminal blood, which not only has a certain therapeutic effect on leukopenia caused by anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide, but also has an additive effect on the anti-cancer efficacy of cyclophosphamide. In addition, it has anti-tuberculosis bacterium, prevention and control of silicosis and immune effects. It is clinically indicated for leukopenia caused by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, benzene, radioactive substances, drugs, etc. It can be used simultaneously with chemotherapy or radiotherapy to protect bone marrow, prevent leukopenia, and ensure the smooth implementation of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. After taking it, individual patients have mild gastrointestinal discomfort and other adverse reactions.
5.Nucleotide This product is the basic substance for synthesizing ribonucleic acid, which can stimulate leukocyte proliferation. It can be used clinically for leukopenia caused by various reasons. It should be noted that this product is stable in neutral or alkaline solution, but easily destroyed in acidic solution.
6.Lixin tablet 10mg. Oral 20 mg/dose, 3 times/day. It is used to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced leukopenia, and also has certain efficacy in aplastic anemia.
7. Love granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) Subcutaneous injection 5-10μg/kg, peak blood concentration in 4-6 hours, above 10μg/kg, blood concentration can be maintained for 16 hours. Intravenous drip (60μg/kg, 20-30 min drip), t1/2 is 0.75-7.2 hours. Promotes neutrophil maturation; stimulates the release of mature granulocytes from bone marrow; enhances neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis. It has little effect on macrophages and megakaryocytes. Used for tumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy induced bone marrow suppression, also used for autologous bone marrow shift value. Also used in aplastic anemia, bone marrow aplasia and AIDS. It can elevate neutrophils and reduce the incidence of infection. Well tolerated by patients with slight mild skeletal pain. Long-term intravenous infusion can cause phlebitis. It should be applied 24 hours before or after the application of chemotherapy drugs.
8, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor Intravenous injection, t1/2α for 5-15 minutes, t1/2β for 1-9 hours. Subcutaneous injection of 10μg/kg, t1/2 is 2.9 hours. It is synthesized in T-lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells. It acts together with interleukin 3 on the more primitive sites of cell differentiation such as multidirectional stem cells and multidirectional progenitor cells, and thus stimulates colony formation and proliferation of a variety of cells such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and megakaryocytes. It also has an indirect effect on erythropoiesis. It increases phagocytosis and cytotoxic effects on mature neutrophils, but reduces their motility. Used in the same way as G-CSF, also in thrombocytopenia. Adverse reactions include rash, fever, bone and muscle pain, and erythema at the subcutaneous injection site. Flushing, hypotension, shortness of breath, vomiting and other symptoms may occur during the first intravenous drip, and should be treated with oxygen and fluids.
Second, Chinese medicine treatment
1.Qi and blood deficiency
Symptoms: Shortness of breath and weakness, dizziness, weakness of limbs, loss of appetite, insomnia and dreaminess, or extreme weakness, frequent occurrence of colds or other infections, pale tongue with white coating, thin and feeble pulse.
Treatment:Tonify Qi and Blood.
Radix et Rhizoma: Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix Astragali, 30 grams each, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix et Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Paeoniae Alba, Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae, 6 grams each, 5 jujubes.
2.Chinese patent medicines:
Ginsenoside RH2, Cordyceps sinensis, etc.
Third, the common five kinds of food to increase white blood cells
1, royal jelly: royal jelly has the effect of nourishing, strengthening and strengthening the spleen, especially suitable for patients with reduced white blood cells after cancer treatment.
2. Jujube: Jujube has the effect of nourishing the spleen, benefiting the qi and nourishing the blood, which is suitable for those with blood deficiency, anemia, platelet reduction and leukocyte reduction. For tumor patients after radiation therapy or chemotherapy caused by leukocyte reduction, folk custom with red dates with red beans, glutinous rice porridge to eat.
3, shiitake mushroom: It is reported that polysaccharides extracted from fresh shiitake mushrooms have significant therapeutic effect on leukopenia. Generally, families can use fresh shiitake mushrooms to cook or make dishes in moderation. It can be used to enhance the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignant tumor patients and to prevent the resultant immune deficiency such as leukocyte decline.
4, ginseng: Ginseng is a great tonic to strengthen the body, which is especially suitable for leukopenia patients who show deficiency of qi and yang, weakness, coldness and weakness. However, the efficacy component in ginseng is ginsenoside, and the main component of ginsenoside that increases white blood cells in anti-cancer is RH2 component. Ginsenoside RH2 is very effective in the combination of cancer medication and adjuvant therapy, and its function of increasing and reducing toxicity is very significant. It has been proved that ginsenoside Rh2 with chemotherapy can play a synergistic role to enhance the effect of chemotherapy and reduce the toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs. When used with radiotherapy, it can counteract the damage of peripheral blood cells by radiotherapy, enhance the tolerance of radiotherapy, and complete the whole course of radiotherapy successfully. Ginsenoside Rh2 has also been shown to significantly enhance the immune function of the body, strengthen the patient’s constitution and resistance to disease, reduce the chance of co-infection, and lower the recurrence rate of cancer. In addition, research has shown that ginsenoside Rh2 (life guards) itself has the effect of inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, it can directly inhibit a variety of cancer cells through the induction of differentiation, and make them re-evolve to normal cells, and finally complete the process of healing and recovery from the disease.
5, peanut rice: peanut rice has the reputation of “everlasting fruit”, is one of the fruits of daily family hospitality, it is rich in nutrients, medicinal value should not be ignored. The latest experimental research shows that the consumption of peanuts can increase white blood cells, especially for tumor patients due to radiation therapy, chemotherapy-induced leukopenia has a significant therapeutic effect.
Fourth, the number of platelets and white blood cells to improve the therapeutic diet.
1, date rice porridge – peanut rice, jujube 30g each, 10g longan meat, japonica rice 50g, cooked with porridge.
2. Tonic marrow soup – 250g of turtle meat, 1g of ginger, 3g of green onion, 200g of pig spinal cord. Cook the turtle meat, green onion and a little ginger, then add the brain spinal cord. After boiling for 20 minutes, add salt and soy sauce to season for consumption.
3, beef quail soup – quail (remove the hair and intestinal miscellaneous, wash) 1, beef 250g, wheat 50g, quail, beef, wheat cooked together, add a small amount of salt to taste, can be eaten.
4, duck porridge – duck 100g, rice 100g, duck sliced with rice porridge, season with salt to eat.
5.Astragalus and Uggs soup – Astragalus 40g, Uggs 600g, Astragalus, Uggs, salt and water in appropriate amount, steamed and eaten together.
Five, prevention and recuperation
1, pay attention to diet: avoid raw, cold and unclean diet to avoid digestive system infection.
2, try to avoid going to public places to prevent respiratory tract infections.
3.Avoid taking drugs that cause bone marrow damage or white blood cell reduction.
4.Avoid contact with chemicals and radioactive substances that cause bone marrow damage.