It has been recognized that the combination of Chinese and Western medicines can achieve better medical effects by taking advantage of their respective strengths, but there are significant differences in terminology and concepts between the two types of medicine, which have become obstacles to their mutual communication. However, the service targets and purposes of the two are the same, so there are bound to be their intrinsic connection and commonality. With the development of history and scientific and technological progress, this commonality is also increasingly revealed. In modern medicine, immunology is one of the most rapidly developing disciplines, which has developed from a branch of microbiology into an independent discipline or frontier (fringe) discipline, and widely penetrated into various fields of medicine. Although the term “immunity” is traditionally rare and used in Chinese medicine, but from the analysis of academic thinking; Chinese medicine contains rich immunological thought content, there are many understandings and views coincide with immunology. In modern medicine, immunology is the only one that is closest to the basic theory and clinical practice of Chinese medicine. Therefore, immunology is most likely to become a feasible channel or bridge for the integration of Chinese and Western medicine. This paper discusses this topic as follows. First, the main common viewpoints of immunology and Chinese medicine (a) holistic view: modern immunology believes that the body’s immune system includes three functions, such as defense, cleaning and surveillance, and its main role is to coordinate the body to maintain the stability of the internal and external environments. In recent years, the development of neurological (endocrine) immunology shows that there exists an extremely complex network relationship between these three systems (the internal environment of the body), which has become one of the important hot spots in the international immunology research. Immunological research based on molecular biology indicates that the understanding of the human body has reached the molecular level. It is because of these developments in immunology that people realize that the immune system plays an important role in the normal survival of living organisms in the process of continuous changes in nature and the internal environment of the organism. This has not only raised the level of understanding from the micro level, but also led to the realization of the close relationship between the organism and nature (macro). In front of objective things, there are multi-level, multi-variable, multi-law, interactive dialectical relationship, which requires people to overcome the simple, anatomical, analytical, reductionist views and habits, the need for conceptual updating, and cognitive methodology changes, so as to strengthen the organism with a comprehensive, dialectical, integrated understanding of the overall concept. Chinese medicine has always insisted and emphasized the holistic view. That is to say, the human body in the natural world, the universe is a part of everything, the same human body itself is also regarded as yin and yang connection, the unity of the whole, thus forming a unique understanding of Chinese medicine, human physiology, pathology of the academic thought system. (ii) The concept of balance: everything in the world is in motion. The living organism is always in the process of movement and development, and order and stability, physiology and pathology are always relative. The immune system plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the internal and external environment of the body, such as the main immune activity of the T cells, can be divided into two subgroups of auxiliary and inhibitory, in order to maintain the balance of the immune response; in terms of the anti-infective immunity, the occurrence of the disease depends on the results of the immune response of the organism (positive) and the pathogen (evil). The doctrine of yin and yang and five elements of Chinese medicine has been fully and eloquently discussed and played out in the concept of balance. The unity of yin and yang is the general law of all things in heaven and earth, the root cause of movement and change, and the beginning of growth and decline. It is the core of people’s thinking and understanding of things. The doctrine of yin and yang and the five elements of Chinese medicine, combined with the doctrine of Tibetan viscera, with the “analogical image” method, will be a thousand clues, seemingly chaotic natural phenomena, as well as the complexity of the body’s physiology, pathology phenomena to be categorized, such as wind, cold, heat, moisture, dryness, fire, and the five Tibetan and six viscera, and so on. This kind of image thinking and theoretical thinking combined with the thinking method of analogies, in Chinese medicine occupies an irreplaceable position. At the same time, it is also an important method to collect all kinds of information comprehensively and widely. Chinese medicine to the understanding of health and disease, “yin and yang secret, the spirit is cured” (“angry Tongtian theory”). It means that if the Yin (body substance) of a person is in a relative balance and is not in full bloom or in decline, and if the Yang (function) of a person is in secret but not excessively exposed, and is not in full bloom, the person is physically and mentally healthy. On the contrary, “yin victory is yang disease, yang victory is yin disease” and other diseases occur. Thus, there is a fundamental method of treatment, which is “supporting the positive and dispelling the evil”. It is not difficult to see that due to the development of history and science and technology, the proximity and consistency between immunology and Chinese medicine in terms of holistic view, as well as balanced view, has laid an important foundation for the combination of Chinese and Western medicine in terms of theory and methodology. Knowledge and methodology, originally philosophical propositions, are fundamental or critical issues for all scientific research. Immunology and the current situation of Chinese medicine (a) The origin and development of immunology: Tracing the origin of the idea of immunology is the earliest in China. The classic work of Chinese medicine, Huang Di Nei Jing, has already pointed out that: “When positive qi exists inside, evil can not be interfered with”. It can be seen that the basic principles of traditional Chinese medicine has long bred immunology thought content. As early as the Song Dynasty in China, the invention of human pox to prevent smallpox, and later imported into Europe before the invention of cowpox vaccine. 18th century after the successive discovery and invention of attenuated vaccine, antitoxin, complement and so on, and the establishment of serological diagnostic methods. And in recent times (1945-1965), the discovery of cellular immunity, the proposed antibody generation clonal selection, until the establishment of the immune system, it can be seen that immunology has become an independent discipline (1971) is only a matter of recent decades. However, due to the early development of immunology formed a solid concept of pure anti-infection, so that people’s understanding of the body’s immune system there is a great deal of one-sidedness, and for a long time in the boundaries of people’s ideological concepts. Entering the period of modern immunology, especially since the 80’s, with the development of science and technology, and multi-disciplinary interpenetration, the discovery of the immune function of the thymus, confirmed the lymphocyte system is an important immune cell, clarified the molecular structure and function of immunoglobulin, etc., indicating that from the organ, cellular and molecular level has been revealed in the past has not been fully recognized the existence of an important physiological system, that is, the immune system. All this has led to a fundamental shift in the concept of immunology. Immunology was freed from the concept of anti-infective immunity and developed into a biological concept in which the organism recognizes its own and non-self components in order to maintain its stability. Immunological research based on molecular biology has greatly broadened people’s horizons in time and space, such as research on the nature of T-cell antigen receptors and their genetic structure, the genetic basis of antibody diversity, the interaction of multiple immune cells and immune molecules in the process of immune response and MHC restriction, and the study of unique networks, cytokine networks, and neuroendocrine immune networks in immunoregulation. Cell fusion (hybridoma), transgenic technology, molecular hybridization technology (cell engineering, genetic engineering technology), so as to obtain purified recombinant factors such as monoclonal antibodies, leukocyte mediators, interferon, etc., and can be mass-produced for experimental research and clinical application. Many sub-disciplines, such as immunopathology, immunopharmacology, psychoimmunology, neuroimmunology, reproductive immunology, tumor immunology, and clinical immunology, have arisen successively. These disciplines will be of great significance to the major problems faced by contemporary medicine, such as organ transplantation, fertility control (eugenics), slowing down the aging process, and the pathogenesis and prevention of tumors, infectious diseases and various immune diseases, as well as common and frequent diseases. (ii) Advantages of Chinese medicine Another major advantage of Chinese medicine is the dialectical treatment under the guidance of the holistic view and the doctrine of yin and yang and five elements. The so-called “evidence” in Chinese medicine refers to all the information obtained by the traditional diagnostic methods of looking, smelling, questioning and cutting, including the information that cannot be obtained by the current scientific means, such as meridian information, etc., which are comprehensively analyzed and used as the basis for diagnosis and treatment, and this is the dialectical evidence. According to the point of view of information theory, “evidence” can be regarded as the sum of information, then it is possible to use all modern scientific and technological means (physical and chemical methods, including biological tests such as immune function) to supplement and enrich the connotation of the evidence, which is undoubtedly beneficial to the quality of the evidence to improve. Needless to say, Chinese medicine in the application of science and technology and Western medicine has a large gap, therefore, make full use of all modern advanced scientific and technological means is imperative, in order to enrich and enrich the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and scientific and technological content is of great significance. This aspect has been widely adopted and confirmed by many scientific experiments and medical practices at home and abroad. Chinese medicine emphasizes that “the treatment of disease must be sought in the original”. Chinese medicine to “gas” summarizes the body’s various functions and material basis (this). According to the theory of internal organs: Wei qi Ying blood (system) represents the material basis of Chinese medicine is more specific. Obviously, Chinese medicine is more abstract. But in terms of macro and substance, from the material basis of analysis, should be the minimum distance between the two differences, there should be no “insurmountable obstacles” between them. Therefore, the study of the “essence” will become the focus of attention. In this way, molecular immunology can provide useful reference. Third, the material basis for the combination of Chinese and Western medicine In recent decades, many foreign experts, the basic theory and clinical practice of Chinese medicine has carried out a lot of research, and achieved fruitful results. For example: yin and yang, qi and blood, the virtual reality, internal organs and other aspects In recent decades, many foreign experts, the basic theory and clinical practice of Chinese medicine has carried out a lot of research and achieved fruitful results. For example, clinical and experimental studies on yin and yang, qi and blood, emptiness and realism, internal organs, etc., have tried to illustrate the substance and material basis of Chinese medicine theories (including localization, qualitative and quantitative requirements). But as far as the forms of life movement are concerned, they cannot be elucidated by mere physical phenomena or molecular analysis of a single chemistry. Rather, as forms of life movement, they necessarily involve multi-cellular and multi-system activities beyond molecules, and are even influenced by forms of thinking activities. The research of neuroimmunology in recent years has likewise illustrated the existence of this objective fact. According to the doctrine of the Tibetan image of Chinese medicine, Wei Qi and Ying Blood is the material basis of Chinese medicine. It is also extremely similar in function to the modern medical immune system. The question of the material basis of Wei, Qi, Ying and Blood is naturally closely related to the theories of Chinese medicine. The doctrine of yin and yang, for example, is a highly generalized and highly philosophical approach to things, and is difficult to represent in terms of individual substances (e.g. cAMP/cGMP). Therefore, it is necessary to study it from the viewpoint of unity of opposites as well as transformation and mutual rooting, and also to accumulate information from multiple systems of the human body and animals (life), consciously guided by the thought of dialectics of nature, and to elucidate the characteristics and essence of the doctrine of yin and yang by means of modern science. Similarly, the study of Wei Qi and Ying Blood can be fully explored by drawing on the methodology of the Yin-Yang Doctrine. Neuroimmunology research (neuromediators, hormones, immune molecules, network relationships, etc.), the same shows that the Chinese and Western medical views are increasingly close. At present, there is no need to force the two consistent or equivalent (Chinese medicine × × equivalent to Western medicine × ×). If the spirit of “seeking common ground while reserving differences” principle can be communicated. Therefore, there is reason to believe that; correctly play the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, make full use of modern scientific tools to complement each other, the results of immunological research, can be for the study of traditional Chinese medicine and the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine to provide valuable reference and reference. Four, the current urgent need for work (a) by the rapid development of immunology in the past two decades, but many new knowledge and ideas have not yet been able to get the corresponding popularization and application, mainly because of the disconnection between theory and practice, or basic and clinical. In addition to traditional and customary factors, the new knowledge and views of immunology, as well as some rusty terms are often discouraged, in fact, the lack of systematic publicity, education and popularization, so vigorously popularize the knowledge of immunology and the application of new scientific and technological achievements to meet the needs of the times, is a matter of urgency. (ii) The unique theoretical system of Chinese medicine has been proved to be an effective theory and method through long-term historical and practical tests. However, in today’s increasingly advanced science and technology, it is inevitable that some people on the one hand recognize the fact of the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine, while on the other hand, they think that the theory of Chinese medicine is “unfathomable” or “unscientific” or avoid it, which is not helpful. Analyzed from a philosophical point of view, the theory of Chinese medicine and the modern so-called three major scientific methods: system theory, cybernetics, information theory, there are many coincidences, of course, it can only be simple, and the lack of scientific experiments and data basis. There is a lot of research work to be done in front of the practitioners of integrated Chinese and Western medicine. And the important thing is to seek to understand (point of view) and methodology consistent or close.” Without inheritance, it is impossible to carry forward.” Therefore, familiar with the theory of Chinese medicine and the basic methodology, adhere to the principles of rationale, methodology, prescription and medicine is a subject that should not be ignored. We believe that: the real combination of Chinese and Western medicine, to effectively play their respective advantages, must be the integration of theory and prescription, in order to play the best results, to avoid the “basic” to seek the end, repeat the history of “the abolition of medicine to save the drug” divergent paths.