In normal people, the external jugular vein is not revealed in standing or sitting position, and it is slightly filled when lying down, but it is limited to 2/3 of the distance from the upper edge of the clavicle to the angle of the jaw, if it exceeds the above level or 45 degrees in semi-recumbent position, the jugular vein is filled, distended and full, it is called jugular vein anger, which indicates that the venous pressure is increased and it is abnormal. Jugular vein is the pressure gauge of right atrium, it can reflect the pressure change and volume change of right atrium. Since the right jugular vein is shorter than the left jugular vein and is a direct continuation of the superior vena cava, the right jugular vein can better reflect the pressure changes of the right atrium than the left. 1.Body examination According to the different valves invaded, the corresponding signs appear during the body examination, and in the advanced stage, the signs of cardiac function failure or complications are shown. (1) General enlargement of the heart, tachycardia disproportionate to body temperature, diminished apical first heart sound, and diastolic gallop rhythm. (2) Heart failure signs such as fine wet rales may be present in the base of both lungs; (3) Some patients have pericardial rubbing sounds, which may be accompanied by pleural rubbing sounds; (4) Red, swollen joints with restricted movement; (5) Few patients have pale red annular erythema on the medial skin of the trunk or extremities with central pallor; in the large (6) children can be seen in the unconscious uncoordinated movements of hands and feet, squeezing eyebrows and other chorea; (7) extra-cardiac rheumatic manifestations: pleurisy, pneumonia, peritonitis, nephritis, vasculitis, encephalopathy and other manifestations. (2) Auxiliary examinations (1) Doppler echocardiography, as a noninvasive method, has been one of the main means of evaluating each valve lesion, which can determine not only the size of the heart chambers and ventricular function, but also the transvalvular pressure difference, valve opening area, pulmonary artery pressure and other indicators. (2) X-ray examination can understand the size of the heart and the changes in the lungs. (3) Electrocardiogram can clarify the patient’s heart rhythm, the presence of myocardial ischemic changes, and whether there is a combination of atrial fibrillation, etc. (4) Cardiovascular angiography can clarify the presence of combined coronary artery disease in some patients older than 45 years old whose ECG suggests myocardial ischemic changes.