How to treat advanced kidney cancer with medication?

  Kidney cancer is one of the more common tumors in urology, second only to bladder cancer in terms of incidence. Kidney cancer lacks early clinical symptoms and is mostly detected during physical examination or other tests. Radical nephrectomy is the main treatment for kidney cancer, but many patients are already in advanced stage when they are diagnosed and lose the opportunity of surgical treatment.  Patients who cannot be operated can be treated by interventional methods, and some patients can be treated by immunotherapy or vaccine, but the effect is not satisfactory. In recent years, there are new drugs for kidney cancer treatment, which are briefly introduced as follows: Sunitinib Malate Capsules (Sotan/SUTENT, English name: SunitinibMalateCapsules) Sotan (Sunitinib Malate) is a new oral multi-target therapy drug with dual anti-tumor effects, which is a leading anti-tumor drug sold by Pfizer worldwide and has a central position in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal tumor. In the field of renal cell therapy, Sotan is the only drug to break through the 2-year survival period of advanced renal cancer; in the field of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor therapy, Sotan is the only drug approved by SFDA for GIST where imatinib treatment fails or cannot be tolerated.  Pharmacological effects: Sunitinib inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), some of which are involved in tumor growth, pathological blood vessel formation and tumor metastasis. Sunitinib has activities against platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRα and PDGFRβ), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VIIGFR3), stem cell factor receptor (KIT), Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), colony-stimulating factor receptor type 1 (CSF-1R) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor ( The main metabolites are similar to the activity of sunitinib.  Dosage: The recommended dose for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma is 50 mg orally once daily; 4 weeks of dosing and 2 weeks off (4/2 dosing regimen). It can be taken with or without food.  Efficacy: Overall, it is effective in about 90% of kidney cancer patients. A few of the effective patients can make the lesions disappear, and some of them can make the lesions smaller or the tumors do not grow further during the course of drug administration.  Adverse effects: The most common ones are: fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, some patients can also have leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, hand-foot syndrome, etc. Most of the adverse effects are not serious and can be treated.